Difference between revisions of "Quality"

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**Process control.
**Process control.
**Lack of redundancy.
**Lack of redundancy.


==Biopsy size==
==Biopsy size==
Very small tissue fragments are associated with a decreased diagnostic yield and an increased diagnostic uncertainty.
Very small tissue fragments are associated with a decreased diagnostic yield and an increased diagnostic uncertainty.
==Measures of quality==
Any number of parameters can be used to measure quality. The when, where and how-often something is measured depends on the value-added.
===General measures of quality===
There are really only two:
#Timeliness, i.e. turn-around time (TAT).
#Error rate.
Note:
*#1 and #2 can be examined quantified in any number of ways.
*''Error'', in the context of a measurement, has to be defined.
====Smaller categories====
Smaller categories - errors:<ref name=pmid19851132>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Nakhleh | first1 = RE. | title = Core components of a comprehensive quality assurance program in anatomic pathology. | journal = Adv Anat Pathol | volume = 16 | issue = 6 | pages = 418-23 | month = Nov | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1097/PAP.0b013e3181bb6bf7 | PMID = 19851132 }}</ref>
*Analytic: specimen identification & transport.
*Preanalytic/analytic: [[tissue processing]], e.g. [[fixation]], blocking, embedding, sectioning, staining.
*Analytic: interpretation.
*Postanalytic: reporting/report integrity.
=====Individual measures=====
Specific measures:<ref name=pmid19851132/>
*Preanalytic:
**Identification - numbers match requisition.
**Appropriate container.
*Analytic:
**Mislabeling.
**Interpretation errors - based on:
***Internal review.
****Cytology-histology correlation.
****Biopsy-resection correlation.
****Frozen section-permanent section correlation.
****Internal comparisons, e.g. ASCUS/LSIL between pathologists.
***External review.
****External standards/expected rate.
**Amended reports - captures several of the above.
*Postanalytic:
**Completeness of report.
**Critical diagnosis timely?
**Report delivered to appropriate person?


==Immunohistochemistry==
==Immunohistochemistry==
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