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Difference between revisions of "Prostate cancer"
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→High power features
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====High power features==== | ====High power features==== | ||
* | *Nuclear changes. | ||
**Hyperchromatic nuclei (like in HGPIN). | **Hyperchromatic nuclei (like in HGPIN). | ||
**Nuclear enlargement, mild (10%?). | **Nuclear enlargement, mild (10%?). | ||
***Difficult to appreciate (if cancer isn't side-by-side with normal prostate). | ***Difficult to appreciate (if cancer isn't side-by-side with normal prostate). | ||
***Difficult/impossible to see at low power. | ***Difficult/impossible to see at low power. | ||
* | *"Large" nucleoli. | ||
**May be difficult to see - especially if light intensity is low. | **Visible on intermediate and high power (100x / 200x magnification). | ||
***May be difficult to see - especially if light intensity is low or the staining is of poor quality. | |||
***One should not use 400x to look for nucleoli (it is a waste of time + you risk over-calling something benign). | ***One should not use 400x to look for nucleoli (it is a waste of time + you risk over-calling something benign). | ||
**"Large" is rarely precisely quantified; 3 micrometres has been suggested as "large" based on one study.<ref name=pmid1688728>{{Cite journal | last1 = Kelemen | first1 = PR. | last2 = Buschmann | first2 = RJ. | last3 = Weisz-Carrington | first3 = P. | title = Nucleolar prominence as a diagnostic variable in prostatic carcinoma. | journal = Cancer | volume = 65 | issue = 4 | pages = 1017-20 | month = Feb | year = 1990 | doi = | PMID = 1688728 }}</ref> | |||
***Three micrometres is a little more than 1/3 of [[RBC]] diameter. | |||
*Loss of basal cells - diagnostic feature. | *Loss of basal cells - diagnostic feature. | ||
**Like in [[breast pathology]] (where one looks for loss of myoepithelial cells) - this may be difficult to see. | **Like in [[breast pathology]] (where one looks for loss of myoepithelial cells) - this may be difficult to see. | ||
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**If you find them the lesion is probably high-grade. | **If you find them the lesion is probably high-grade. | ||
**Generally, it isn't worth looking for them. | **Generally, it isn't worth looking for them. | ||
===Mimics=== | ===Mimics=== | ||