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Difference between revisions of "Pituitary gland"
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*Posterior pituitary (AKA neurohypophysis, neural pituitary). | *Posterior pituitary (AKA neurohypophysis, neural pituitary). | ||
=Function= | |||
===Anterior=== | ===Anterior=== | ||
Hormones:<ref name=rcn_com>[http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/Pituitary.html http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/Pituitary.html]</ref> | Hormones:<ref name=rcn_com>[http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/Pituitary.html http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/Pituitary.html]</ref> | ||
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*Antidiuretic hormone (ADH). | *Antidiuretic hormone (ADH). | ||
=Anatomy and histology= | |||
===Anatomy=== | ===Anatomy=== | ||
Basic anatomy (simplified):<ref name=bowen>URL: [http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/histo_pit.html http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/histo_pit.html]. Accessed on: 31 October 2010.</ref> | Basic anatomy (simplified):<ref name=bowen>URL: [http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/histo_pit.html http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/histo_pit.html]. Accessed on: 31 October 2010.</ref> | ||
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Image: [http://www.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/38_09.jpg Herring bodies (ouhsc.edu)]. | Image: [http://www.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/38_09.jpg Herring bodies (ouhsc.edu)]. | ||
=DDx for stellar lesions= | |||
*Pituitary adenoma. | *Pituitary adenoma. | ||
*[[Rathke cleft cyst]]. | *[[Rathke cleft cyst]]. | ||
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*[[Meningioma]]. | *[[Meningioma]]. | ||
=Pituitary necrosis= | |||
*Rare. | |||
===Causes of pituitary necrosis=== | |||
*Sheehan syndrome - secondary to blood loss in childbirth.<ref>URL: [http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/sheehans-syndrome/DS00889 http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/sheehans-syndrome/DS00889]. Accessed on: 16 November 2010.</ref> | |||
*[[Syphilis]] (fetal-maternal transmission).<ref>URL: [http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/104/1/e4 http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/104/1/e4]. Accessed on: 16 November 2010.</ref> | |||
*Mollaret's meningitis - very rare.<ref name=pmid18715308>{{cite journal |author=Dancer CM, Woods ML, Henderson RD, Robertson T, Mungomery M, Allworth A |title=Mollaret's meningitis and pituitary failure associated with a Rathke's cleft cyst |journal=Intern Med J |volume=38 |issue=7 |pages=609–11 |year=2008 |month=July |pmid=18715308 |doi=10.1111/j.1445-5994.2008.01709.x |url=}}</ref> (???) | |||
*Spontaneous necrosis of pituitary tumours - case reports.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Sachdev Y, Evered DC, Hall R |title=Spontaneous pituitary necrosis |journal=Br Med J |volume=1 |issue=6015 |pages=942 |year=1976 |month=April |pmid=1268492 |pmc=1639254 |doi= |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1639254/pdf/brmedj00512-0028a.pdf}}</ref> | |||
=Specific entities= | |||
==Pituitary adenoma== | ==Pituitary adenoma== | ||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
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*Calcified - adamantinomatous type only. | *Calcified - adamantinomatous type only. | ||
*Solid & cystic. | *Solid & cystic. | ||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
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*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Papillary_craniopharyngioma_-_very_high_mag.jpg Papillary craniopharyngioma - very high mag. (WC)]. | *[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Papillary_craniopharyngioma_-_very_high_mag.jpg Papillary craniopharyngioma - very high mag. (WC)]. | ||
*[http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/jpeg4/ENDO115.jpg Craniopharyngioma (med.utah.edu)].<ref>URL: [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/jpeg4/ENDO115.jpg http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/jpeg4/ENDO115.jpg]. Accessed on: 6 December 2010.</ref> | *[http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/jpeg4/ENDO115.jpg Craniopharyngioma (med.utah.edu)].<ref>URL: [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/jpeg4/ENDO115.jpg http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/jpeg4/ENDO115.jpg]. Accessed on: 6 December 2010.</ref> | ||
==Autoimmune hypophysitis== | ==Autoimmune hypophysitis== | ||
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*Lymphocytic infiltration. | *Lymphocytic infiltration. | ||
=See also= | |||
*[[CNS cytopathology]]. | *[[CNS cytopathology]]. | ||
*[[Neuropathology]]. | *[[Neuropathology]]. | ||
*[[Brain tumours]]. | *[[Brain tumours]]. | ||
=References= | |||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
=External links= | |||
*[http://www.neuropathologyweb.org/ Neuropathology] - neuropathologyweb.org. | *[http://www.neuropathologyweb.org/ Neuropathology] - neuropathologyweb.org. | ||
*[http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/corepages/endocrines/endocrin.htm Endocrine histology (anhb.uwa.edu.au)]. | *[http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/corepages/endocrines/endocrin.htm Endocrine histology (anhb.uwa.edu.au)]. | ||
[[Category:Neuropathology]] | [[Category:Neuropathology]] | ||