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Difference between revisions of "Pituitary gland"
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Divisions:<ref>[http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/histo.html http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/histo.html]</ref> | Divisions:<ref>[http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/histo.html http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/histo.html]</ref> | ||
*Anterior pituitary ( | *Anterior pituitary ([[AKA]] adenohypophysis). | ||
*Posterior pituitary ( | *Posterior pituitary (AKA neurohypophysis, neural pituitary). | ||
==Function== | ==Function== | ||
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==Anatomy and histology== | ==Anatomy and histology== | ||
Basic anatomy (simplified):<ref name=bowen>[http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/histo_pit.html http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/histo_pit.html]</ref> | Basic anatomy (simplified):<ref name=bowen>URL: [http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/histo_pit.html http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/histo_pit.html]. Accessed on: 31 October 2010.</ref> | ||
*Anterior: | *Anterior: | ||
**Pars distalis. | **Pars distalis. | ||
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*Anterior - Rathke's pouch (roof of mouth). | *Anterior - Rathke's pouch (roof of mouth). | ||
*Posterior - diencephalon (ventral aspect). | *Posterior - diencephalon (ventral aspect). | ||
Image: | |||
*[http://www.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/38_01.jpg Pituitary gland (ouhsc.edu)]. | |||
==Histology== | ==Histology== | ||
Anterior | ===Anterior=== | ||
*Acidophils = red or orange. | *Acidophils (40% of cells) = red or orange. | ||
**GH, PRL. | **GH, PRL. | ||
*Basophils = basophilic (light blue). | *Basophils (10% of cells) = basophilic (light blue). | ||
**TSH, LH, FSH. | **TSH, LH, FSH. | ||
*Chromophobes = | *Chromophobes (50% of cells) = amphophilic (purplish/grey). | ||
Posterior: | Notes: | ||
*The cellular product (i.e. hormone produced) is not strictly correlated with the cell type.<ref name=Ref_PSNP26>{{Ref PSNP|26}}</ref> | |||
===Posterior=== | |||
Features:<ref name=Ref_PSNP26>{{Ref PSNP|26}}</ref> | |||
*Herring bodies - '''key feature'''. | |||
**Eosinophilic axonal dilations filled with lysosomes and neurosecretory granules. | |||
*Less cellular. | *Less cellular. | ||
**Usually more cellular in perivascular location. | |||
Image: [http://www.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/38_09.jpg Herring bodies (ouhsc.edu)]. | |||
==Pituitary adenoma== | |||
Features: | |||
*Loss of fibrous stroma. | |||
==Rathke cleft cyst== | |||
:See ''[[Head and neck pathology]]''. | |||
*Arises from ''intermediate lobe''. | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||