Difference between revisions of "Neuropathology"

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Neuropathology (view source)

Revision as of 05:34, 2 January 2011

253 bytes added ,  05:34, 2 January 2011
→‎Astrocyte changes: rearr, +image
(→‎Astrocyte changes: rearr, +image)
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*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Central_chromatolysis_-_nf_-_very_high_mag.jpg Central chromatolysis - NF stain - very high mag. (WC)].
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Central_chromatolysis_-_nf_-_very_high_mag.jpg Central chromatolysis - NF stain - very high mag. (WC)].


===Astrocyte changes===
===Glial changes===
Reactive astrocytes.
====Astrocyte changes====
*Eosinophilic cytoplasm.
Reactive astrocytes:
*Peripheral nucleus.
*Spaced - distance between astrocytes ~2x (cell) size.
*Well-defined cell border.
*Well-defined cell border.
*Many branching processes.
*Eosinophilic cytoplasm with many branching processes.
**Classically described as "funnel-shaped" in benign astrocytes.<ref>MUN. 15 November 2010.</ref>
**Classically described as "funnel-shaped" in benign astrocytes.<ref>MUN. 15 November 2010.</ref>
*Peripheral nucleus.


Reactive changes vs. malignancy (mnemonic ''MIMICS''):<ref name=Ref_TPoSP254>{{Ref TPoSP|254}}</ref>
Image: [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Reactive_astrocytes_-_lfb_-_high_mag.jpg Reactive astrocytes - high mag. (WC)].
*'''MI'''crovesicular pattern.
*'''M'''itoses.
*'''I'''rregular spacing.
*'''C'''alcifications.
*'''S'''atellitosis, perineuronal.
**Large "crowds" of glial cells associated with nuclei.


====Types====
Alzheimer type II astrocyte:<ref>URL: [http://www.neuropathologyweb.org/chapter1/chapter1bAstrocytes.html http://www.neuropathologyweb.org/chapter1/chapter1bAstrocytes.html]. Accessed on: 2 July 2010.</ref>
Alzheimer type II astrocyte:<ref>URL: [http://www.neuropathologyweb.org/chapter1/chapter1bAstrocytes.html http://www.neuropathologyweb.org/chapter1/chapter1bAstrocytes.html]. Accessed on: 2 July 2010.</ref>
*Large cleared nucleus - '''key feature'''.
*Large cleared nucleus - '''key feature'''.
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**[http://neuroquiz.com/?page=image&topic=1&qid=2714 Alzheimer type II astrocytes (neuroquiz.com)].
**[http://neuroquiz.com/?page=image&topic=1&qid=2714 Alzheimer type II astrocytes (neuroquiz.com)].
**[http://www.neuropathologyweb.org/chapter10/images10/10-AlzIIl.jpg Alzheimer type II astrocytes (neuropathologyweb.org)] .
**[http://www.neuropathologyweb.org/chapter10/images10/10-AlzIIl.jpg Alzheimer type II astrocytes (neuropathologyweb.org)] .
Bergmann gliosis (in the cerebellum):<ref name=Ref_PSNP18>{{Ref PSNP|18}}</ref>
*Thin layer of cells (2-3 cells), nuclei open and larger than granular cell layer nuclei.
**Images:
***[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bergmann_gliosis_-_intermed_mag.jpg Bergmann gliosis - intermed. mag. (WC)].
***[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bergmann_gliosis_-_high_mag.jpg Bergmann gliosis - high mag. (WC)].
***[http://tpx.sagepub.com/content/35/5/676/F5.expansion.html Bergmann gliosis (sagepub.com)].


Creutzfeldt cell:<ref name=Ref_PSNP18>{{Ref PSNP|18}}</ref>  
Creutzfeldt cell:<ref name=Ref_PSNP18>{{Ref PSNP|18}}</ref>  
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*+/-Multinucleated.
*+/-Multinucleated.
*Classic features of ''progressive supranuclear palsy''.
*Classic features of ''progressive supranuclear palsy''.
====Other glial====
Bergmann gliosis (in the cerebellum):<ref name=Ref_PSNP18>{{Ref PSNP|18}}</ref>
*Thin layer of cells (2-3 cells), nuclei open and larger than granular cell layer nuclei.
**Images:
***[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bergmann_gliosis_-_intermed_mag.jpg Bergmann gliosis - intermed. mag. (WC)].
***[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bergmann_gliosis_-_high_mag.jpg Bergmann gliosis - high mag. (WC)].
***[http://tpx.sagepub.com/content/35/5/676/F5.expansion.html Bergmann gliosis (sagepub.com)].
====Reactive change vs. malignancy====
Reactive changes vs. malignancy (mnemonic ''MIMICS''):<ref name=Ref_TPoSP254>{{Ref TPoSP|254}}</ref>
*'''MI'''crovesicular pattern.
*'''M'''itoses.
*'''I'''rregular spacing.
*'''C'''alcifications.
*'''S'''atellitosis, perineuronal.
**Large "crowds" of glial cells associated with nuclei.


===Architecture===
===Architecture===
Michael
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