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Difference between revisions of "Neuromuscular pathology"
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Neuromuscular pathology (view source)
Revision as of 21:03, 30 September 2021
, 21:03, 30 September 2021Primary biliary cholangitis (newer term - replaces 'primary biliary cirrhosis')
Jensflorian (talk | contribs) (→Inflammation: Sarcoidosis) |
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===General=== | ===General=== | ||
Etiology:<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Prieto-González | first1 = S. | last2 = Grau | first2 = JM. | title = Diagnosis and classification of granulomatous myositis. | journal = Autoimmun Rev | volume = 13 | issue = 4-5 | pages = 372-4 | month = | year = | doi = 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.017 | PMID = 24424169 }}</ref> | Etiology:<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Prieto-González | first1 = S. | last2 = Grau | first2 = JM. | title = Diagnosis and classification of granulomatous myositis. | journal = Autoimmun Rev | volume = 13 | issue = 4-5 | pages = 372-4 | month = | year = | doi = 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.017 | PMID = 24424169 }}</ref> | ||
* [[Sarcoidosis]] | * [[Sarcoidosis]]. | ||
* Idiopathic | * Idiopathic. | ||
* Infectious ([[Tuberculosis]], Syphillis, Brucellosis | * Infectious ([[Tuberculosis]], Syphillis, Brucellosis. | ||
* Foreign-body reaction | * Foreign-body reaction. | ||
* [[Thymoma]] - myasthenia gravis | * [[Thymoma]] - myasthenia gravis. | ||
* [[Lymphoma]] - paraneoplastic | * [[Lymphoma]] - paraneoplastic. | ||
* [[Primary biliary | * [[Primary biliary cholangitis]]. | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
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*Axonal loss and regenerating fibers. | *Axonal loss and regenerating fibers. | ||
*Segmental demyelination and remyelination. | *Segmental demyelination and remyelination. | ||
====Vasculitic neuropathy==== | |||
*Endoneurial and epineurial mircrovessels, arterioles and venules. | |||
*Ischemia of nerve: thrombosis and fibrinoid necrosis. | |||
*Signs of previous vasculitis: Vessel narrowing, fragmentation of elastica, fibrous obliteration and recanalization. | |||
*Often nerve involvement in systemic vasculitis: | |||
**Medium-sized epineurial vessels: mostly classic polyarteritis nodosa. | |||
**Small and medium-sized vessels and eosinophilia: Churg-Strauss angitis. | |||
**Small vessels and necrotizing: ANCA-associated microscopic polyangitis. | |||
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===Other Diseases=== | ===Other Diseases=== | ||
*Amyloid neuropathy: Amorphic endoneurial deposits. | |||
**TTR amyloidosis is of specific interest, because treatment options exist.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Adams | first1 = D. | last2 = Koike | first2 = H. | last3 = Slama | first3 = M. | last4 = Coelho | first4 = T. | title = Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: a model of medical progress for a fatal disease. | journal = Nat Rev Neurol | volume = 15 | issue = 7 | pages = 387-404 | month = Jul | year = 2019 | doi = 10.1038/s41582-019-0210-4 | PMID = 31209302 }}</ref> | |||
**Example of amyloid deposits [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41582-019-0210-4/figures/3 here] | |||
*Neuropathy associated with paraproteinemia: Alterations in myelin periodicity, nerve fiber loss. | |||
**[[MGUS]] - Monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance. | |||
** Multiple myeloma. | |||
**[[POEMS]] syndrome. | |||
**[[LCDD]] - light chain deposition diesease. | |||
*Toxic polyneuropathy (drug toxicity).<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case173.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case173.html]. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.</ref> | *Toxic polyneuropathy (drug toxicity).<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case173.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case173.html]. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.</ref> | ||
*Polyglucosan body disease. | *Polyglucosan body disease. | ||