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Long power list (view source)

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→‎Tumour kidney
 
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=Site=
=Site=
==Bone & cartilage==
===General===
Benign - bone:
*[[Aneurysmal bone cyst]].
*[[Brown tumour]].
*[[Paget's disease of bone]].
*[[Osteomyelitis]].
*[[Fibrous dysplasia]].
Benign - bone tumours:
*[[Osteoid osteoma]].
*[[Osteoblastoma]].
*[[Osteochondroma]].
*[[Adamantinoma]].
Benign - cartilage:
*[[Chondroma]].
*[[Enchondroma]].
*[[Chondroblastoma]].
Malignant - bone:
*[[Fracture of bone due to metastatic carcinoma|Metastatic carcinoma]].
*[[Plasma cell neoplasm]].
*[[Osteosarcoma]].
*[[Ewing sarcoma]].
*[[Giant cell tumour of bone]].
Malignant - cartilage:
*[[Chondrosarcoma]].
Unusual genetic conditions:
*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].
*[[Gaucher disease]].
===Femoral head===
Benign:
*[[Osteoarthritis]].
*[[Avascular necrosis of the femoral head]].
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]].
Uncommon - benign (fracture):
*Trauma.
*[[Osteoporosis]].
Uncommon - benign pediatric:
*[[Slipped capital femoral epiphysis]] (SCFE).
*[[Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome]].
Uncommon - malignant (fracture):
*[[Metastasis]].
==Breast pathology==
==Breast pathology==
Benign - common:
Benign - common:
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*[[Fibroadenoma]].
*[[Fibroadenoma]].
*[[Phyllodes tumour]].
*[[Phyllodes tumour]].
*[[Intraductal papilloma]].
*[[Intraductal papilloma of the breast]].
*[[Florid epithelial hyperplasia]].
*[[Florid epithelial hyperplasia]].
*[[Sclerosing adenosis]].
*[[Sclerosing adenosis]].
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*[[Complex sclerosing lesion]].
*[[Complex sclerosing lesion]].
*Breast abscess.
*Breast abscess.
*Breast with fat necrosis.
*[[Fat_necrosis_of_the_breast|Breast with fat necrosis]].
*[[Microglandular adenosis]].
*[[Microglandular adenosis]].
*[[Collagenous spherulosis]].
*[[Collagenous spherulosis]].
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**Small vessel:
**Small vessel:
***[[Microscopic polyangiitis]].
***[[Microscopic polyangiitis]].
***[[Wegener granulomatosis]].
***[[Granulomatosis with polyangiitis]] (Wegener's granulomatosis).
***[[Churg-Strauss syndrome]].
***[[Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis]] (Churg-Strauss syndrome).
***[[Leukocytoclastic vasculitis]].  
***[[Leukocytoclastic vasculitis]].  
*[[Amyloid]] deposition.
*[[Amyloid]] deposition.
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*[[Aortic dissection]].
*[[Aortic dissection]].
**[[Cystic medial degeneration]].
**[[Cystic medial degeneration]].
**Traumatic dissection.
**Traumatic dissection - see ''[[blunt force injury]]''.
*Mycotic aneurysm.
*Mycotic aneurysm.


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*[[Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma]].
*[[Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma]].
*[[Angiosarcoma]].
*[[Angiosarcoma]].
==Dermatopathology==
Benign - non-melanocytic:
*[[Epidermal inclusion cyst]].
*[[Pilar cyst]].
*[[Steatocystoma]].
*[[Lipoma]].
*[[Dermatofibroma]].
*[[Dermal scar]].
*[[Trichoepithelioma]] ([[trichoblastoma]]).
*[[Clear cell acanthoma]].
*[[Leiomyoma]].
Benign melanocytic lesions:
*[[Intradermal nevus]].
*[[Junctional nevus]].
*[[Congenital nevus]].
*[[Clark nevus]].
*[[Spitz nevus]].
*[[Pigmented spindle cell nevus of Reed]].
*[[Blue nevus]].
Inflammatory skin lesions:
*[[Bullous diseases]]:
**[[Pemphigus vulgaris]].
**[[Dermatitis herpetiformis]].
*Interface dermatitis:
**[[Lupus erythematosus]].
**[[Lichen planus]].
*Nodular & diffuse:
**[[Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma]].
**[[Granuloma annulare]].
**[[Necrobiosis lipoidica]].
*Psoriasiform diseases:
**[[Psoriasis vulgaris]].
**[[Lichen simplex chronicus]].
*[[Panniculitis]]:
**[[Erythema nodosum]].
**[[Erythema induratum]].
*[[Vasculitides]]:
**[[Leukocytoclastic vasculitis]].
Malignant:
*[[Basal cell carcinoma]].
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]].
*[[Malignant melanoma]].
*[[Merkel cell carcinoma]].
*[[Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans]].
*[[Atypical fibroxanthoma]].
*[[Leiomyosarcoma]].
*[[Metastasis]].


==Endocrine pathology==
==Endocrine pathology==
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*[[Nodular hyperplasia]].
*[[Nodular hyperplasia]].
*[[Lymphocytic thyroiditis]].
*[[Lymphocytic thyroiditis]].
**[[Hashimoto thyroiditis]].
*[[Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features]] (NIFTP).
Benign - uncommon:
*[[Hyalinizing trabecular tumour]].
*[[Subacute thyroiditis]].


Malignant:
Malignant:
*[[Papillary thyroid carcinoma]], follicular variant.
*[[Papillary thyroid carcinoma follicular variant]].
*[[Papillary thyroid carcinoma]].


Uncommon - malignant:
Malignant - uncommon:
*Papillary thyroid carcinoma, columnar cell variant.
*[[Papillary thyroid carcinoma columnar cell variant]].
*Papillary thyroid carcinoma, tall cell variant.
*[[Papillary thyroid carcinoma tall cell variant]].
*[[Papillary thyroid carcinoma cribriform-morular variant]].
*[[Papillary thyroid carcinoma diffuse sclerosing variant]].
*[[Medullary thyroid carcinoma]].
*[[Medullary thyroid carcinoma]].
*[[Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma]].
*[[Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma]].
===Thyroid gland - cytology===
*Benign.
*[[Follicular lesion of undetermined significance]] (FLUS).
*[[Follicular neoplasm]].
*Suspicious for malignancy.
*Malignant, e.g. [[Thyroid_cytopathology#Papillary_carcinoma|papillary thyroid carcinoma]].
*Nondiagnostic ''or'' unsatisfactory.
===Parathyroid gland===
Benign:
*[[Parathyroid hyperplasia]].
*[[Parathyroid adenoma]].
Malignant - rare:
*[[Parathyroid carcinoma]].


===Adrenal gland===
===Adrenal gland===
Benign:
Benign:
*[[Adrenal cortical adenoma]].
*[[Adrenal cortical adenoma]].
*[[Adrenal myelolipoma]].
*[[Hemorrhagic adrenalitis]] (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome).
*[[Adrenal ganglioneuroma]].
*[[Neuroblastoma]] - [[pediatric pathology]].
*[[Tuberculosis]].


Malignant:
Malignant:
*[[Adrenal cortical carcinoma]].
*[[Adrenal cortical carcinoma]].
*[[Pheochromocytoma]].
*[[Pheochromocytoma]].
 
*[[Metastasis]].
==Femoral head==
Benign:
*[[Osteoarthritis]].
*Avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]].
 
Uncommon - benign (fracture):
*Trauma.
*Osteoporosis.
 
Uncommon - benign pediatric:
*Slipped femoral capital epiphysis (SFCE).
*Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome.
 
Uncommon - malignant (fracture):
*Metastasis.


==Gastrointestinal pathology==
==Gastrointestinal pathology==
===Appendix===
Benign:
*[[Appendicitis]].
*Periappendicitis.
*[[Crohn's disease]].
*Normal.
Neoplasm:
*[[Neuroendocrine tumour]].
*Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN).
Malignant:
*Mucinous adenocarcinoma.
===Gallbladder===
Benign:
*[[Cholelithiasis]].
*[[Cholesterolosis]].
*[[Acute cholecystitis]].
*[[Chronic cholecystitis]].
Uncommon - pre-malignant:
*Intestinal metaplasia.
Uncommon - malignant:
*Adenocarcinoma.
===Gastrointestinal polyp===
===Gastrointestinal polyp===
Benign:
Benign:
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Pre-malignant:
Pre-malignant:
*[[Tubular adenoma]].
*[[Tubular adenoma of the gastrointestinal tract|Tubular adenoma]].
*[[Villous adenoma]].
*[[Villous adenoma]].
*[[Tubulovillous adenoma]].
*[[Tubulovillous adenoma]].
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Uncommon - pre-malignant:
Uncommon - pre-malignant:
*[[Traditional serrated adenoma]].
*[[Traditional serrated adenoma]].
Uncommon - benign:
*[[Peutz-Jeghers polyp]].
*[[Juvenile polyp]].
*[[Inflammatory fibroid polyp]].
Malignant:
*[[Adenocarcinoma]].
**[[Gastrointestinal_tract_polyps#Colorectal_adenocarcinoma|Colorectal adenocarcinoma]].
===Esophagus===
Benign:
*[[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]].
*[[Eosinophilic esophagitis]].
*[[Barrett esophagus]].
Benign - uncommon:
*[[Candida esophagitis]].
*[[Herpes esophagitis]].
Tumour:
*[[Leiomyoma]].
*[[Gastrointestinal stromal tumour]] - may be malignant.
*[[Granular cell tumour]] - may be malignant.
Malignant:
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus]]
*[[Esophageal adenocarcinoma|Adenocarcinoma]].


===Stomach===
===Stomach===
Benign:
Benign:
*Helicobacter pylori gastritis.
*[[Helicobacter pylori gastritis]].
*Intestinal metaplasia.
*[[Gastric intestinal metaplasia|Intestinal metaplasia]].
*[[Chronic gastritis]].
*[[Chronic gastritis]].
*[[Acute gastritis]].
*[[Acute gastritis]].
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Malignant:
Malignant:
*Adenocarcinoma, intestinal type.
*Epithelial:
*Signet-ring cell carcinoma.
**Adenocarcinoma, intestinal-type.
*[[GIST]].
**Adenocarcinoma, diffuse-type.
***[[Signet-ring cell carcinoma]].
**Metastatic carcinoma.
**[[Neuroendocrine tumour]].
*Mesenchymal:
**[[GIST]].
*Hematopoietic:
**[[MALT lymphoma]].
**[[Mantle cell lymphoma]].
**[[Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma]].


===Duodenum===
===Duodenum===
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Pre-malignant:
Pre-malignant:
*[[Tubular adenoma]].
*[[Tubular adenoma of the gastrointestinal tract|Tubular adenoma]].


Malignant:
Malignant:
*Adenocarcinoma.
*[[Duodenal adenocarcinoma]].


Uncommon benign:
Uncommon benign:
*[[Gastric heterotopia of the duodenum]].
*[[Peptic ulcer disease]].
*[[Acute duodenitis]].
*[[Giardiasis]].
*[[Giardiasis]].
*[[Whipple disease]].
*[[Whipple disease]].
*MAI infection.
*[[MAI]] infection.
*[[Pseudomelanosis duodeni]].
 
===Colon/rectum===
Benign:
*Normal.
*[[Colitis]].
**[[IBD]] - [[Crohn's disease]], [[ulcerative colitis]].
*[[Hyperplastic polyp]].
*[[Tubular adenoma of the gastrointestinal tract|Tubular adenoma]].
*[[Tubulovillous adenoma]].
*[[Villous adenoma]].
*[[Sessile serrated adenoma]].
 
Benign - uncommon infectious:
*[[Pseudomembranous colitis]].
*[[Cytomegalovirus colitis]].
*[[Cryptosporidiosis]].
*[[Strongyloidiasis]].
*[[Intestinal spirochetosis]].
 
Benign - uncommon:
*[[Lymphocytic colitis]].
*[[Collagenous colitis]].
*[[Inflammatory polyp]].
*[[Juvenile polyp]].
*[[Peutz-Jeghers polyp]].
*[[Solitary rectal ulcer]].
*[[Melanosis coli]].
*[[Radiation colitis]].
*[[Diversion colitis]].
 
Tumour:
*[[Gastrointestinal stromal tumour]].
*[[Schwannoma]].
*[[Lipoma]].
*[[Neuroendocrine tumour]].
 
Malignant:
*[[Colorectal adenocarcinoma]].
**Medullary carcinoma.
**Mucinous carcinoma.
**Signet ring carcinoma.
*[[Goblet cell carcinoid]].
*[[metastases|Metastatic tumours]].
 
====Appendix====
Benign:
*[[Appendicitis]].
*[[Periappendicitis]].
*[[Crohn's disease]].
*Normal.
 
Benign - uncommon:
*[[Enterobius vermicularis]].
*[[Granulomatous appendicitis]].
 
Neoplasm:
*[[Neuroendocrine tumour]].
*[[Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm]] (LAMN).
 
Malignant:
*[[Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix]].
*[[Goblet cell carcinoid]].


===Liver===
===Liver===
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*[[Hepatitis B]].
*[[Hepatitis B]].
*[[Hepatitis C]].
*[[Hepatitis C]].
Benign - tumour:
*Hepatic hemangioma.
*[[Focal nodular hyperplasia]].
*[[Hepatocellular adenoma]].


Malignant:
Malignant:
*Metastatic adenocarcinoma.
*[[Liver metastasis]] - usually [[metastatic]] [[adenocarcinoma]].
*[[Hepatocellular carcinoma]].
*[[Hepatocellular carcinoma]].


Uncommon benign:
Uncommon benign:
*[[Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency]].
*[[Autoimmune hepatitis]].
*[[Autoimmune hepatitis]].
*[[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]], esp. in the context of [[UC]].
*[[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]], especially in the context of [[UC]].
*[[Primary biliary cirrhosis]].
*[[Primary biliary cholangitis]].
*[[Wilson's disease]].
*[[Wilson's disease]].
*[[Hereditary hemochromatosis]].
*[[Hereditary hemochromatosis]].
*[[Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency]].
*Hepatic infarct.
*[[Hepatitis A]].


Uncommon malignant:
Uncommon malignant:
*[[Cholangiocarcinoma]].
*[[Cholangiocarcinoma]].
*[[Angiosarcoma]].
*[[Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma]].
===Gallbladder===
Benign:
*[[Cholelithiasis]].
*[[Cholesterolosis]].
*[[Acute cholecystitis]].
*[[Chronic cholecystitis]].
*[[Intestinal metaplasia of the gallbladder|Intestinal metaplasia]].
Uncommon - pre-malignant:
*[[Gallbladder adenoma]].
Uncommon - malignant:
*[[Carcinoma of the gallbladder]].


==Genitourinary pathology==
==Genitourinary pathology==
===Tumour kidney===
===Tumour kidney===
Benign:
Benign:
*Normal.
*[[Normal kidney]].
*[[Renal oncocytoma]].
*[[Renal oncocytoma]].
*[[Angiomyolipoma]].
*[[Angiomyolipoma]].
*Papillary adenoma.
*[[Papillary adenoma]].
*[[Clear cell papillary renal cell tumour]] (previously ''clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma'' or ''clear cell tubulopapillary renal cell carcinoma'').
*[[Renal medullary fibroma]].


Malignant:
Malignant - common:
*[[Clear cell renal cell carcinoma]].
*[[Clear cell renal cell carcinoma]].
*[[Papillary renal cell carcinoma]].
*[[Papillary renal cell carcinoma]].
*[[Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma]].
*[[Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma]].
*[[Urothelial carcinoma]].
*[[Urothelial carcinoma]].
Malignant - less common:
*[[Collecting duct carcinoma]].
*[[Renal tumour with Xp11.2 translocation]].
*[[SMARCB1-deficient renal medullary carcinoma]].
*[[Renal mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma]].
*[[SDH-deficient renal cell carcinoma]].
*[[Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma syndrome-associated renal cell carcinoma]].
*[[Acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma]].
*[[Renal hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe tumour]].
*[[Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma]].
*[[Unclassified renal cell carcinoma]].
*[[ALK-rearranged renal cell carcinoma]].
Possibly benign:
*[[Multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential]].


Uncommon - benign:
Uncommon - benign:
*[[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis]].
*[[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis]].
*[[Chronic pyelonephritis]].
*[[Eosinophilic vacuolated tumour]].
*[[Mixed epithelial stromal tumour]].
*[[Cystic nephroma]].
*[[Metanephric adenoma]].
*[[Low-grade oncocytic tumour]].
Children - tumours:
*[[Wilms tumour]].
*[[Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney]].
*[[Metanephric stromal tumour]].
*[[Metanephric adenofibroma]].
*[[Mesoblastic nephroma]].
*[[Renal rhabdoid tumour]].
*[[Renal tumour with t(6;11) translocation]].


===Medical kidney===
===Medical kidney===
Important/common:
*[[Diabetic nephropathy]].
*[[Diabetic nephropathy]].
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]].
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]].
Nephrotic syndrome:
*[[Minimal change disease]].
*[[Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis]].
*[[Membranous nephropathy]].
Nephritic syndrome:
*[[Post-infectious glomerulonephritis]].
*[[IgA nephropathy]].
*[[Lupus nephritis]].
*[[Antiglomerular basement membrane disease]].
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis]].
Mixed presentation:
*[[Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis]] (MPGN).
Cystic disease:
*[[Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease]] (ADPKD).
*[[Acquired renal cystic disease]].
*[[Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease]].
Others:
*[[Fibrillary glomerulopathy]].
*[[Renal amyloidosis]].
*[[Thin glomerular basement membrane disease]].
*[[Alport syndrome]].
*[[Fabry disease|Fabry's disease]].
*[[Thrombotic microangiopathy]].
*[[End-stage kidney]].


===Prostate gland===
===Prostate gland===
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*Acute inflammation.
*Acute inflammation.
*[[Benign prostatic hyperplasia]] (prostectomy diagnosis only).
*[[Benign prostatic hyperplasia]] (prostectomy diagnosis only).
*[[Granulomatous prostatitis]].
Pre-malignant:
*[[High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia]].
Suspicious:
*[[Atypical small acinar proliferation]] (atypical glands, suspicious).


Malignant:
Malignant:
*Acinar adenocarcinoma.
*[[Prostate adenocarcinoma|Acinar adenocarcinoma]].
 
Waffle category:
*[[Prostatic stromal tumour of uncertain malignant potential]].


Uncommon - malignant:
Uncommon - malignant:
*Ductal adenocarcinoma.
*[[Ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate]].
*Urothelial carcinoma.
*Urothelial carcinoma.
*[[Mucinous prostate carcinoma]].
*[[Prostatic signet ring cell carcinoma]].
*[[Sarcomatoid prostate carcinoma]].
*[[Small cell carcinoma of the prostate gland]].
*[[Adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma of the prostate]].
*[[Prostatic stromal sarcoma]].
Mimic benign:
*[[Foamy gland carcinoma]].
*[[Pseudohyperplastic adenocarcinoma]].
*[[Atrophic prostate carcinoma]].
*[[PIN-like prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma]] - mimics HGPIN.


===Urinary bladder===
===Urinary bladder===
Benign:
Benign:
*[[Inverted urothelial papilloma]].
*[[Inverted urothelial papilloma]].
*Cystitis cystica.
*[[Cystitis cystica]].
*[[Nephrogenic adenoma]].


Pre-malignant/malignant:
Pre-malignant/malignant:
*Urothelial dysplasia.
*[[Urothelial dysplasia]].
*Papillary urothelial carcinoma, low grade.
*[[Urothelial carcinoma in situ]].
*Papillary urothelial carcinoma, high grade.
*[[Low grade papillary urothelial carcinoma]].
*Flat urothelial carcinoma.
*[[High grade papillary urothelial carcinoma]].
*Flat [[urothelial carcinoma]].


Uncommon - benign:
Uncommon - benign:
*[[Malakoplakia]].
*[[Malakoplakia]].
*[[Nephrogenic adenoma]].
*[[Giant cell cystitis]].
 
===Urine - cytology===
Common:
*Negative for malignancy.
*[[Urothelial carcinoma]].
*[[Polyomavirus]].
 
Uncommon:
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]].
*[[Adenocarcinoma]].
 
===Testis===
Non-neoplastic:
*[[Testicular abscess]].
*[[Testicular atrophy]].
*[[Testicular scar]].
*[[Sertoli cell nodule]] (Pick's adenoma).
 
Pre-neoplastic:
*[[Germ cell neoplasia in situ]] (intratubular germ cell neoplasia).
 
Common tumours:
*[[Seminoma]].
*[[Embryonal carcinoma]].
*[[Yolk sac tumour]].
*[[Teratoma]].
*[[Mixed germ cell tumour]].
 
Less common tumours:
*[[Sertoli cell tumour]].
*[[Leydig cell tumour]].
*[[Lymphoma]].
*[[Choriocarcinoma]].
*[[Spermatocytic tumour]].
*[[Malignant mesothelioma]].
*[[Liposarcoma]].
*[[Adenocarcinoma of the rete testis]].
 
====Associated with testis====
*[[Spermatocele]].
*[[Hydrocele testis]].
*[[Vasitis nodosa]].
*[[Fibrous pseudotumour of the paratesticular region]].
 
Epididymis:
*[[Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis]].
*[[Serous cystadenoma]] of the epididymis.


==Gynecologic pathology==
==Gynecologic pathology==
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*[[Fibroids]].
*[[Fibroids]].
*[[Adenomyosis]].
*[[Adenomyosis]].
*Atrophy.
*[[Atrophic endometrium]].
*Uterine prolapse.
*[[Uterine prolapse]].
*[[Proliferative phase endometrium]].
*[[Proliferative phase endometrium]].
*[[Secretory phase endometrium]].
*[[Secretory phase endometrium]].
*[[Disordered proliferative endometrium]].


Pre-malignant:
Pre-malignant:
*[[Simple endometrial hyperplasia]].
*[[Simple endometrial hyperplasia with atypia]].
*[[Complex endometrial hyperplasia]].
*[[Complex endometrial hyperplasia]].
*[[Complex endometrial hyperplasia with atypia]].


Malignant:
Malignant:
*[[Endometrial carcinoma]].
*[[Endometrial carcinoma]].
**Endometrioid.
**[[Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma]].
**Mucinous.
**[[Mucinous endometrial carcinoma]].
**Serous.
**[[Serous endometrial carcinoma]].


Uncommon - benign:
Uncommon - benign:
*Decidua (change of pregnancy).
*Decidua (change of pregnancy).
*[[Arias-Stella reaction]].


Uncommon - malignant:
Uncommon - malignant:
*Clear cell carcinoma.
*[[Clear cell endometrial carcinoma]].
*[[Uterine carcinosarcoma|Carcinosarcoma]].
*[[Uterine carcinosarcoma|Carcinosarcoma]].
*[[Endometrial stromal sarcoma]].


===Cervix - cytology===
===Cervix - cytology===
{{Main|Gynecologic cytopathology}}
Benign:
Benign:
*Normal.
*Normal.
*Candida.
*Candida.
*Endometrial cells.
*Endometrial cells >40 years.
 
Benign not typically reported:
*Atrophy.
*Atrophy.
*Reactive changes.
*Squamous metaplasia.
*Tubal metaplasia.
*Endometrial cells <40 years.
Uncommon - benign:
*[[HSV]] changes.
*Trichomonas.
*[[Bacterial vaginosis]].
*[[Actinomycetes]].
Waffle diagnoses:
*[[Atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion]] (ASC-H).
*[[Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance]] (ASC-US).
*[[Atypical glandular cells]] (AGC).


Pre-malignant/malignant:
Pre-malignant/malignant:
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*[[HSIL]].
*[[HSIL]].
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]].
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]].
*Adenocarcinoma.
*Adenocarcinoma in situ.
 
**Endocervical.
Uncommon - benign:
**Endometrial.
*HSV changes.
**Other.
*Trichomonas.


===Ovary===
===Ovary===
Benign:
Benign:
*Serous cystadenoma.
*[[Serous cystadenoma of the ovary]].
*Mucinous cystadenoma.
*[[Mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary]].
*[[Mature teratoma]].
*[[Mature teratoma]].
*[[Endometriosis]].
*[[Endometriosis]].


Malignant:
Malignant:
*Serous carcinoma.
*[[Serous carcinoma of the ovary]].
*Endometrioid carcinoma.
*[[Endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary]].
*[[Mucinous ovarian carcinoma|Mucinous carcinoma]].
*[[Mucinous ovarian carcinoma|Mucinous carcinoma]].


Uncommon - malignant:
Uncommon - malignant:
*[[Dysgerminoma]].
*[[Dysgerminoma]].
*[[Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary]].
*[[Choriocarcinoma]].
Other tumours:
*[[Leydig cell tumour]].
*[[Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour]].
*[[Adult granulosa cell tumour]].
*[[Juvenile granulosa cell tumour]].
*[[Thecoma]].
*[[Sex cord tumour with annular tubules]].
*[[Ovarian fibroma]].
*[[Brenner tumour]].


===Fallopian tube===
===Fallopian tube===
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Malignant:
Malignant:
*Serous carcinoma.
*[[Serous carcinoma]].


Uncommon - benign:
Uncommon - benign:
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Malignant:
Malignant:
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]].
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck]].
*[[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma]].
*[[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma]].
*[[HPV-associated squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck]].


Uncommon - malignant:
Uncommon - malignant:
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*[[Pleomorphic adenoma]].
*[[Pleomorphic adenoma]].
*[[Warthin tumour]].
*[[Warthin tumour]].
*[[Basal cell adenoma]].
*[[Oncocytoma of the salivary gland]].
*[[Canalicular adenoma]].


Malignant:
Malignant:
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Uncommon malignant:
Uncommon malignant:
*[[Acinic cell carcinoma]].
*[[Acinic cell carcinoma]].
*[[Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma]].
*[[Polymorphous adenocarcinoma]] - previously known as ''polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma''.
*[[Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma]].
*[[Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma]].
*[[Salivary duct carcinoma]].
*[[Salivary duct carcinoma]].
*[[Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma]].
*[[Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma]].
*[[Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma]].
*[[Secretory carcinoma of the salivary gland]] (mammary analogue secretory carcinoma).
*[[Human papillomavirus-related multiphenotypic sinonasal carcinoma]] (HPV-related carcinoma with adenoid cystic-like features).


==Lymph node==
==Lymph node==
Benign:
Benign:
*Normal/resting.
*Normal/resting.
*Follicular hyperplasia.
*[[Reactive follicular hyperplasia]].
*[[Sinus histiocytosis]].
*[[Hyalinized lymph node]].


Malignant:
Malignant:
*Metastasis, esp. carcinoma.
*[[Lymph node metastasis|Metastasis]], esp. [[carcinoma]].
*[[Follicular lymphoma]].
*[[Follicular lymphoma]].
*[[Chronic lymphocytic leukemia]]/[[Small cell lymphoma]].
*[[Diffuse large B cell lymphoma]].
*[[Diffuse large B cell lymphoma]].
*[[Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma]].
*[[Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma]].
*[[Mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma]].
*[[Mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma]].
*[[MALT lymphoma]].
*[[Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma]].
*[[Lymphocyte-rich Hodgkin lymphoma]].
*[[Lymphocyte-depleted Hodgkin lymphoma]].
*[[Marginal zone lymphoma]].
 
Benign - uncommon:
*[[Castleman disease]].
*[[Progressive transformation of germinal centers]].
*[[Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy]].
*[[Sarcoidosis]].
*[[Tuberculosis]].
*[[Cat-scratch disease]].
*[[Rosai-Dorfman disease]].
*[[Kimura disease]].
*[[Toxoplasmosis]].
*[[Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma]].
 
==Neuropathology==
===Brain===
Benign:
*[[Epidural hemorrhage]].
*[[Subdural hemorrhage]].
*[[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]].
*[[Intracerebral hemorrhage]].
*[[Duret hemorrhage]].
*[[Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy]].
*[[Multiple sclerosis]].
*[[Colloid cyst]].
*[[Cerebral amyloid angiopathy]].
 
Pediatric - tumour:
*[[Pilocytic astrocytoma]].
*[[Neuroblastoma]].
*[[Retinoblastoma]].
*[[Ependymoma]].
 
Adult - tumour:
*[[Meningioma]].
*[[Schwannoma]].
*[[Diffuse astrocytoma]].
*[[Anaplastic astrocytoma]].
*[[Glioblastoma]].
*[[Myxopapillary ependymoma]].
*[[Pituitary adenoma]].
*[[Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma]].
*[[Papillary craniopharyngioma]].
*[[Oligodendroglioma]].
*[[Brain metastasis]].
 
===Neurodegenerative===
*[[Alzheimer disease]].
*[[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]].
 
*[[Parkinson disease]].
*[[Multiple system atrophy]].
*[[Dementia with Lewy bodies]].
*[[Multiple system atrophy]].
 
*[[Chronic traumatic encephalopathy]].
*[[Huntington disease]].
 
===Muscle===
*[[Dermatomyositis]].
*[[Polymyositis]].
 
*[[Muscular dystrophy]].
*[[Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]].
*[[Inclusion body myositis]].
*[[Drug-induced rhabdomyolysis]].


==Pulmonary pathology==
==Pulmonary pathology==
Benign:
Benign:
*Normal.
*Normal.
*Acute [[bronchopneumonia]].
*[[Diffuse alveolar damage]] - acute phase, organizing phase, resolution.
*[[Emphysema]] - centrilobular, panlobular.
*[[Asthma]].
*[[Aspiration pneumonia]].
*[[Pulmonary meningothelial-like nodule]].


Malignant:
Malignant:
*[[Adenocarcinoma]].
*[[Lung adenocarcinoma|Adenocarcinoma]].
*[[Squamous carcinoma]].
*[[Squamous carcinoma of the lung]].
*[[Small cell carcinoma]].
*[[Small cell carcinoma of the lung]].
*[[Lung metastasis]].


Uncommon - benign:
Uncommon - granulomatous:
*[[Tuberculosis]].
*[[Tuberculosis]].
*[[Sarcoidosis]].
*[[Sarcoidosis]].
*[[Usual interstitial pneumonia]].
*Fungal infections (e.g. [[aspergillosis]]).
 
Uncommon - benign other:
*[[Carcinoid tumourlet]].
*[[Typical lung carcinoid tumour]].
*[[Atypical lung carcinoid tumour]].
*[[Solitary fibrous tumour]] - esp. pleural.
*[[Solitary fibrous tumour]] - esp. pleural.
*[[Lymphangioleiomyomatosis]].
*[[Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].
*[[Bronchogenic cyst]].
*[[Congenital pulmonary airway malformation]] (CPAM).
*[[Extralobar sequestration]].
*[[Intralobar sequestration]].
*[[Asbestosis]].
*[[Silicosis]].
*Coal worker's pneumonconiosis.
*[[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis]].
*[[Eosinophilic pneumonia]].
*[[Goodpasture disease]].
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis]].
*Radiation pneumonitis.
*Drug toxicity, e.g. amiodarone, bleomycin.
*Infectious - [[blastomycosis]], [[cryptococcosis]], [[histoplasmosis]], [[pneumocystis pneumonia]].
Uncommon - vascular:
*[[Pulmonary hypertension]].
*[[Vasculitides]] - see ''cardiovascular'' section.
Uncommon - [[diffuse lung diseases|idiopathic interstitial pneumonias]]:
*[[Usual interstitial pneumonia]] (UIP).
*[[Non-specific interstitial pneumonia]] (NSIP).
*[[Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]] (LIP).
*[[Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia]] (BOOP).
*[[Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease]] (RB-ILD).
*[[Desquamative interstitial pneumonia]] (DIP).


Uncommon - malignant:
Uncommon - malignant:
*[[Mesothelioma]].
*[[Malignant mesothelioma]].


==Spleen==
==Spleen==
Line 430: Line 933:
*Trauma.
*Trauma.
*Normal.
*Normal.
*Enlargement due to [[cirrhosis]].
*Enlargement due to [[cirrhosis]] or other causes of [[portal hypertension]].
*[[Mononucleosis]].


Malignant:
Benign - rare:
*[[Hemophagocytic syndrome]].
 
Malignant - common:
*[[Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma]].
*[[Splenic marginal zone lymphoma]].
*[[Follicular lymphoma]].
 
Malignant - others:
*[[Hairy cell leukemia]].
*[[Hairy cell leukemia]].
*[[Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma]].
==Placenta==
*Normal.
*[[Chorioamnionitis]].
**[[Funisitis]].
*[[Meconium]].
*[[Placentomegaly]].
*[[Placental infarction]].
Less common:
*[[TORCH infections]].
*[[Chorangioma]].
*[[Chorangiosis]].
*[[Villitis of unknown etiology]].
*[[Chronic intervillitis]].
*[[Two vessel umbilical cord]].
*[[Maternal floor infarction]].
*[[Fetal thrombotic vasculopathy]].
*[[Hypertrophic decidual vasculopathy]].


=Pathologic characteristics=
=Pathologic characteristics=
Line 440: Line 972:
*[[Breast]] tumours.
*[[Breast]] tumours.


==Pseudostratified nuclei==
==Nodule-forming lymphoma==
Malignant:
*[[Follicular lymphoma]].
*[[Small cell lymphoma]].
*[[Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma]].
*[[Mantle cell lymphoma]].
 
==Nuclear features==
===Pseudostratified nuclei===
Tumours that commonly have pseudostratified nuclei:
Tumours that commonly have pseudostratified nuclei:
*[[Colorectal carcinoma]].
*[[Colorectal carcinoma]].
*[[Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma]].
*[[Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma]].


==Tumours with lymphocytes==
===Pseudoinclusions===
{{Main|Nuclear pseudoinclusions}}
 
==Cytoplasmic features==
===Eosinophilic cytoplasm===
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]].
*[[Oncocytoma]]/oncocytic tumours.
*Apocrine tumours.
*[[Anaplastic large cell lymphoma]].
 
===Clear cytoplasm===
{{Main|Clear cell tumours}}
 
==Cells==
===Tumours with lymphocytes===
*[[Seminoma]].
*[[Seminoma]].
*[[Acinic cell carcinoma]].
*[[Acinic cell carcinoma]].
Line 451: Line 1,005:
*[[Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma]].
*[[Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma]].
*[[Medullary breast carcinoma]].
*[[Medullary breast carcinoma]].
*[[Thymoma]].
*[[Lymphoma]] - [[Hodgkin lymphoma|Hodgkin]] and [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma|non-Hodgkin]].
*[[Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma]].


==Psammoma bodies==
===Giant cells===
{{Main|Psammoma bodies}}
 
==Giant cells==
{{Main|Giant cell lesions}}
{{Main|Giant cell lesions}}


==Pseudoinclusions==
===Many eosinophils===
{{Main|Nuclear pseudoinclusions}}
*Infection - esp. fungal.
 
*[[Drug reaction]].
==Many eosinophils==
*Infection.
*[[Inflammatory fibroid polyp]].
*[[Inflammatory fibroid polyp]].
*[[Hodgkin lymphoma]].
*[[Hodgkin lymphoma]].
Line 470: Line 1,022:


Site specific:
Site specific:
*[[Eosinophilic esophagitis]].
*[[Eosinophilic esophagitis]].
*[[Eosinophilic gastritis]].
*[[Eosinophilic colitis]].
*[[Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].
*[[Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].
*[[Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia]] (ALHE) - skin.
*[[Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia]] (ALHE) - skin.


==Eosinophilic cytoplasm==
===Red blood cell extravasation===
*Oncocytoma/Oncocytic tumours.
*Hemorrhage.
*Apocrine tumours.
*[[Vasculitis]].
*[[Nodular fasciitis]].
*[[Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma]].
*[[Kaposi sarcoma]].
 
==Structures==
===Psammoma bodies===
{{Main|Psammoma bodies}}


==Clear cytoplasm==
==Myxoid lesions==
{{Main|Clear cell tumours}}
{{Main|Myxoid lesions}}


==Nested==
==Architecture==
===Classically nested===
*[[Paraganglioma]].
*[[Paraganglioma]].
*[[Meningioma]].
*[[Meningioma]].
*[[Brenner tumour]].
*[[Brenner tumour]].
*[[SCTAT]].


==Myxoid lesions==
===Stroma rich tumours===
{{Main|Myxoid lesions}}
 
==Stroma rich tumours==
*[[Cholangiocarcinoma]].
*[[Cholangiocarcinoma]].
*[[Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma]].
*[[Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma]].
Line 497: Line 1,056:
*[[Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma]] - salivary gland.
*[[Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma]] - salivary gland.


==Spindle cell lesions==
===Spindle cell lesions===
{{Main|Spindle cell lesions}}
{{Main|Spindle cell lesions}}


===Neuropathology===
====Spindle cell lesions in neuropathology====
*[[Schwannoma]].
*[[Schwannoma]].
*[[Gliosarcoma]].
*[[Gliosarcoma]].


==Frustration list==
==Frustration lists==
The following are diagnoses to think about if the answer isn't apparent.
 
===General frustration list===
If the pathology isn't apparent...
If the pathology isn't apparent...
*[[Neurofibroma]].
*[[Neurofibroma]].
*[[Amyloidosis]].
*[[Granular cell tumour]].
*[[Adenomatoid tumour]].
*[[Angiosarcoma]].
*[[Angiosarcoma]].
*[[Granular cell tumour]].
*[[Pheochromocytoma]].
*[[Pheochromocytoma]].
*[[Plasma cell neoplasm]].
*[[Plasma cell neoplasm]].
*[[Adenomatoid tumour]].


For CNS specimens:
Memory device: ''NAGAAPP''.
 
===CNS frustration list===
*[[Meningioma]].
*[[Meningioma]].


Head & neck:
===Head & neck frustration list===
*[[Myoepithelioma]].
*[[Myoepithelioma]].
*[[Mucoepidermoid carcinoma]].
*[[Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma]].
===Colonic biopsies frustration list===
*[[CMV colitis]].
*[[Cryptosporidiosis]].
*[[Intestinal spirochetosis]].
*[[Lymphocytic colitis]].
*[[Collagenous colitis]].


=See also=
=See also=
Michael
48,466

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