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Difference between revisions of "Kidney"
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→Medical kidney diseases
(→Multicystic renal dysplasia: more) |
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[[Image:Kidney_Cross_Section.png|thumb|right|A drawing of the kidney in cross section. (WC/Holly Fischer)]] | |||
The '''kidney''' is an important organ in the abdomen that does the following: | The '''kidney''' is an important organ in the abdomen that does the following: | ||
*Water balance & blood pressure regulation, | *Water balance & blood pressure regulation, | ||
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*Removes toxins/cleans the blood, and | *Removes toxins/cleans the blood, and | ||
*Produces hormones (e.g. erythropoietin). | *Produces hormones (e.g. erythropoietin). | ||
=Normal= | |||
===Sign out=== | |||
====Missed biopsy==== | |||
<pre> | |||
KIDNEY, RIGHT, BIOPSY: | |||
- SCANT BENIGN ADIPOSE TISSUE AND A FEW SMALL BLOOD VESSELS. | |||
- NO RENAL PARENCHYMA IS IDENTIFIED. | |||
- NO EVIDENCE OF MALIGNANCY. | |||
COMMENT: | |||
The indication (mass lesion) and clinical suspicion is noted. The tissue | |||
sample may not be representative of the lesions seen radiologically. | |||
Clinical correlation is required. | |||
</pre> | |||
=====Micro===== | |||
The sections show benign adipose tissue with a few small blood vessels. The core length (at microscopy) is approximately 9 millimetres. No renal parenchyma is identified. No nuclear atypia is identified. No significant amount of smooth muscle is apparent. | |||
=Tumours= | =Tumours= | ||
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This article cover the common renal tumours: | This article cover the common renal tumours: | ||
*[[Renal cell carcinoma]. | *[[Renal cell carcinoma]]. | ||
*[[Renal oncocytoma|Oncocytoma]]. | *[[Renal oncocytoma|Oncocytoma]]. | ||
*Most other tumours... except ''urothelial tumours'' are dealt with in the ''[[urothelium]]'' article. | *Most other tumours... except ''urothelial tumours'' are dealt with in the ''[[urothelium]]'' article. | ||
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=Medical kidney diseases= | =Medical kidney diseases= | ||
{{main|Medical kidney diseases}} | {{main|Medical kidney diseases}} | ||
This is almost a specialty for itself. Lots of interaction with nephrologists. | This is almost a specialty for itself. Lots of interaction with nephrologists. Cystic renal disease is dealt with in a separate article called ''[[cystic kidney diseases]]''. | ||
=Other= | |||
==Renal segmental hypoplasia== | |||
{{Main|Renal segmental hypoplasia}} | |||
=Developmental= | =Developmental= | ||
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==Multicystic renal dysplasia== | ==Multicystic renal dysplasia== | ||
*Abbreviated ''MRD''. | |||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*Most common cause of abdominal mass in newborns.<ref name=emed_mrd/> | *Most common cause of abdominal mass in newborns.<ref name=emed_mrd/> | ||
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===Gross=== | ===Gross=== | ||
*Kidney has multiple large cysts. | *Kidney has multiple large cysts or differing sizes. | ||
DDx: | |||
*[[ARPKD]] - has less variability of cyst size. | |||
Images: | Images: | ||