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Difference between revisions of "Kaposi sarcoma"
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{{ Infobox diagnosis | |||
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} | |||
| Image = Kaposi_sarcoma_high_mag.jpg | |||
| Width = | |||
| Caption = Kaposi sarcoma. [[H&E stain]]. | |||
| Micro = vascular lesion (abundant [[RBC]]s), +/-"promontory sign", +/-spindle cells with minimal nuclear atypia, [[RBC extravasation]], +/-intracytoplasmic [[hyaline globules]], +/-hemosiderin deposits, +/-plasma cells | |||
| Subtypes = classic, endemic, immunosuppression-associated ''or'' transplant-associated, AIDS-associated | |||
| LMDDx = [[angiosarcoma]], [[Masson's hemangioma]] (''intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia''), benign lymphangioendothelioma | |||
| Stains = | |||
| IHC = [[HHV-8]] +ve, CD31 +ve, CD34 +ve | |||
| EM = | |||
| Molecular = | |||
| IF = | |||
| Gross = red or brown patches, plaques or nodules | |||
| Grossing = | |||
| Site = [[skin]], others | |||
| Assdx = +/-[[HIV]] infection ''or'' immunoincompentence | |||
| Syndromes = | |||
| Clinicalhx = | |||
| Signs = | |||
| Symptoms = | |||
| Prevalence = uncommon | |||
| Bloodwork = | |||
| Rads = | |||
| Endoscopy = | |||
| Prognosis = dependent on subtype | |||
| Other = | |||
| ClinDDx = | |||
}} | |||
'''Kaposi sarcoma''', abbreviated '''KS''', is an uncommon [[vascular tumour]] that is often associated with [[HIV]]/AIDS. | '''Kaposi sarcoma''', abbreviated '''KS''', is an uncommon [[vascular tumour]] that is often associated with [[HIV]]/AIDS. | ||
| Line 27: | Line 56: | ||
*AIDS-associated. | *AIDS-associated. | ||
==Gross== | |||
*Skin: red or brown patches, plaques or nodules. | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Kaposis_sarcoma_01.jpg | KS. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==Microscopic== | ==Microscopic== | ||
Features:<ref name=Ref_Klatt23>{{Ref Klatt|23}}</ref> | Features:<ref name=Ref_Klatt23>{{Ref Klatt|23}}</ref> | ||
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*Benign lymphangioendothelioma.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Guillou | first1 = L. | last2 = Fletcher | first2 = CD. | title = Benign lymphangioendothelioma (acquired progressive lymphangioma): a lesion not to be confused with well-differentiated angiosarcoma and patch stage Kaposi's sarcoma: clinicopathologic analysis of a series. | journal = Am J Surg Pathol | volume = 24 | issue = 8 | pages = 1047-57 | month = Aug | year = 2000 | doi = | PMID = 10935645 }}</ref> | *Benign lymphangioendothelioma.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Guillou | first1 = L. | last2 = Fletcher | first2 = CD. | title = Benign lymphangioendothelioma (acquired progressive lymphangioma): a lesion not to be confused with well-differentiated angiosarcoma and patch stage Kaposi's sarcoma: clinicopathologic analysis of a series. | journal = Am J Surg Pathol | volume = 24 | issue = 8 | pages = 1047-57 | month = Aug | year = 2000 | doi = | PMID = 10935645 }}</ref> | ||
**Histologically very similar.<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case134/dx.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case134/dx.html]. Accessed on: 5 January 2012.</ref> | **Histologically very similar.<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case134/dx.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case134/dx.html]. Accessed on: 5 January 2012.</ref> | ||
*[[Cavernous hemangioma]].<ref name=pmid24187557>{{cite journal |author=Onak Kandemir N, Barut F, Doğan Gün B, Solak Tekin N, Hallaç Keser S, Oğuz Özdamar S |title=Cavernous hemangioma-like kaposi sarcoma: histomorphologic features and differential diagnosis |journal=Case Rep Med |volume=2013 |issue= |pages=959812 |year=2013 |pmid=24187557 |pmc=3800618 |doi=10.1155/2013/959812 |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Images=== | ===Images=== | ||
| Line 57: | Line 93: | ||
==Stains== | ==Stains== | ||
*PAS +ve -- hyaline globules. | *PAS +ve -- hyaline globules. | ||
*[[Hale's colloidal iron stain]] +ve.<ref name=pmid17210517>{{cite journal |author=Wada DA, Perkins SL, Tripp S, Coffin CM, Florell SR |title=Human herpesvirus 8 and iron staining are useful in differentiating Kaposi sarcoma from interstitial granuloma annulare |journal=Am. J. Clin. Pathol. |volume=127 |issue=2 |pages=263–70 |year=2007 |month=February |pmid=17210517 |doi=10.1309/GMH9CENH4909AWVB |url=}}</ref> | |||
==IHC== | ==IHC== | ||
Features:<ref name=pmid24187557/> | |||
*CD31 +ve. | *CD31 +ve. | ||
*CD34 +ve. | *CD34 +ve. | ||
*[[HHV-8]] +ve. | *[[HHV-8]] +ve. | ||
*D2-40 +ve. | |||
*Ki-67 >10%.<ref name=pmid17210517>{{cite journal |author=Wada DA, Perkins SL, Tripp S, Coffin CM, Florell SR |title=Human herpesvirus 8 and iron staining are useful in differentiating Kaposi sarcoma from interstitial granuloma annulare |journal=Am. J. Clin. Pathol. |volume=127 |issue=2 |pages=263–70 |year=2007 |month=February |pmid=17210517 |doi=10.1309/GMH9CENH4909AWVB |url=}}</ref> | |||
*ERG +ve. <ref name=pmid21317715>{{cite journal |author=Miettinen M1, Wang ZF, Paetau A, Tan SH, Dobi A, Srivastava S, Sesterhenn I. |title=ERG transcription factor as an immunohistochemical marker for vascular endothelial tumors and prostatic carcinoma. |journal=Am J Surg Pathol. 2011 Mar;35(3):432-41. |volume=35|issue=3 |pages=432-41 |year=2011 |month=march |pmid=21317715 |doi: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e318206b67b|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21317715}}</ref> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Vascular tumours]]. | *[[Vascular tumours]]. | ||