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Difference between revisions of "Hypersensitivity pneumonitis"
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Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (view source)
Revision as of 19:06, 17 March 2015
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{{ Infobox diagnosis | {{ Infobox diagnosis | ||
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} | | Name = {{PAGENAME}} | ||
| Image = | | Image = Hypersensitivity pneumonitis intermed mag.jpg | ||
| Width = | | Width = | ||
| Caption = | | Caption = Hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Trichrome stain. | ||
| Synonyms = extrinsic allergic alveolitis | | Synonyms = extrinsic allergic alveolitis | ||
| Micro = centrilobular prominence of lesions, [[granulomata]], chronic interstitial inflammation consisting primarily of lymphocytes, interstitial fibrosis, air space involvement (alveolitis) | | Micro = centrilobular prominence of lesions, [[granulomata]], chronic interstitial inflammation consisting primarily of lymphocytes, interstitial fibrosis, air space involvement (alveolitis) | ||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
| Tx = eliminate allergen exposure | | Tx = eliminate allergen exposure | ||
}} | }} | ||
''' | '''Hypersensitivity pneumonitis''', abbreviated '''[[HP]]''', is a [[diffuse lung diseases]] caused by an allergen. | ||
It is also known as '''extrinsic allergic alveolitis''', abbreviated '''EAA'''. | It is also known as '''extrinsic allergic alveolitis''', abbreviated '''EAA'''. | ||
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*An immune complex-mediated [[hypersensitivity]]<ref name=pmid8279154>{{Cite journal | last1 = Kaltreider | first1 = HB. | title = Hypersensitivity pneumonitis. | journal = West J Med | volume = 159 | issue = 5 | pages = 570-8 | month = Nov | year = 1993 | doi = | PMID = 8279154 | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/8279154/?tool=pubmed }}</ref> (Gell-Coombs classification type III). | *An immune complex-mediated [[hypersensitivity]]<ref name=pmid8279154>{{Cite journal | last1 = Kaltreider | first1 = HB. | title = Hypersensitivity pneumonitis. | journal = West J Med | volume = 159 | issue = 5 | pages = 570-8 | month = Nov | year = 1993 | doi = | PMID = 8279154 | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/8279154/?tool=pubmed }}</ref> (Gell-Coombs classification type III). | ||
**If chronic, may develop into a cell-mediated hypersensitivity (Gell-Coombs classification type IV).<ref>URL: [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/EXAM/IMGQUIZ/pufrm.html http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/EXAM/IMGQUIZ/pufrm.html]. Accessed on: 4 December 2011.</ref> | **If chronic, may develop into a cell-mediated hypersensitivity (Gell-Coombs classification type IV).<ref>URL: [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/EXAM/IMGQUIZ/pufrm.html http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/EXAM/IMGQUIZ/pufrm.html]. Accessed on: 4 December 2011.</ref> | ||
===Specific diseases/etiology=== | |||
Selected causes of hypersensitivity pneumonitis:<ref name=pmid21978856>{{cite journal |author=Zacharisen MC, Fink JN |title=Hypersensitivity pneumonitis and related conditions in the work environment |journal=Immunol Allergy Clin North Am |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=769–86, vii |year=2011 |month=November |pmid=21978856 |doi=10.1016/j.iac.2011.07.004 |url=}}</ref> | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
! Disease | |||
! Cause | |||
|- | |||
| Silicosis | |||
| silica exposure | |||
|- | |||
| |[[Asbestosis]] | |||
| asbestos | |||
|- | |||
| Flavour-worker's lung (popcorn lung) | |||
| diacetyl - used for butter flavour<ref name=pmid21618944>{{cite journal |author=Egilman DS, Schilling JH, Menendez L |title=A proposal for a safe exposure level for diacetyl |journal=Int J Occup Environ Health |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=122–34 |year=2011 |pmid=21618944 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
|- | |||
| [[Talcosis]] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| Sick building syndrome | |||
| volatile organic compounds, smoke, dampness | |||
|- | |||
| Berylliosis | |||
| beryllium | |||
|- | |||
| Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis | |||
| coal dust | |||
|} | |||
==Gross== | |||
*Peripheral or peribronchiolar.<ref name=pmid16434894>{{Cite journal | last1 = Churg | first1 = A. | last2 = Muller | first2 = NL. | last3 = Flint | first3 = J. | last4 = Wright | first4 = JL. | title = Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. | journal = Am J Surg Pathol | volume = 30 | issue = 2 | pages = 201-8 | month = Feb | year = 2006 | doi = | PMID = 16434894 }}</ref> | |||
**Not large airways. | |||
==Microscopic== | ==Microscopic== | ||
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DDx: | DDx: | ||
*[[Usual interstitial pneumonia]]. | *[[Usual interstitial pneumonia]]. | ||
*[[Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia]]. | |||
===Images=== | ===Images=== | ||
| Line 62: | Line 95: | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Diffuse lung diseases]]. | *[[Diffuse lung diseases]]. | ||
*[[Pneumoconioses]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||