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Difference between revisions of "Heart valves"
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===Gross=== | ===Gross=== | ||
Features - either: | Features - either: | ||
#Raphe does not reach the free margin of the cusp.<ref>{{Ref AoGP|2}}</ref> | #Raphe does not reach the free margin of the cusp.<ref name=Ref_AoGP>{{Ref AoGP|2}}</ref> | ||
#No raphe - uncommon (~7% of cases).<ref name=pmid9987528>{{Cite journal | last1 = Sabet | first1 = HY. | last2 = Edwards | first2 = WD. | last3 = Tazelaar | first3 = HD. | last4 = Daly | first4 = RC. | title = Congenitally bicuspid aortic valves: a surgical pathology study of 542 cases (1991 through 1996) and a literature review of 2,715 additional cases. | journal = Mayo Clin Proc | volume = 74 | issue = 1 | pages = 14-26 | month = Jan | year = 1999 | doi = 10.4065/74.1.14 | PMID = 9987528 }}</ref> | #No raphe - uncommon (~7% of cases).<ref name=pmid9987528>{{Cite journal | last1 = Sabet | first1 = HY. | last2 = Edwards | first2 = WD. | last3 = Tazelaar | first3 = HD. | last4 = Daly | first4 = RC. | title = Congenitally bicuspid aortic valves: a surgical pathology study of 542 cases (1991 through 1996) and a literature review of 2,715 additional cases. | journal = Mayo Clin Proc | volume = 74 | issue = 1 | pages = 14-26 | month = Jan | year = 1999 | doi = 10.4065/74.1.14 | PMID = 9987528 }}</ref> | ||
Note: | Note: | ||
*''Raphe'' ~ ''suture'' or ''seam''.<ref>URL: [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/raphe http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/raphe]. Accessed on: 25 February 2012.</ref> | *''Raphe'' ~ ''suture'' or ''seam''.<ref>URL: [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/raphe http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/raphe]. Accessed on: 25 February 2012.</ref> | ||
Images: | |||
*[http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/106/8/900.full.pdf Bicuspid valve (ahajournals.org)].<ref name=pmid12186790>{{Cite journal | last1 = Fedak | first1 = PW. | last2 = Verma | first2 = S. | last3 = David | first3 = TE. | last4 = Leask | first4 = RL. | last5 = Weisel | first5 = RD. | last6 = Butany | first6 = J. | title = Clinical and pathophysiological implications of a bicuspid aortic valve. | journal = Circulation | volume = 106 | issue = 8 | pages = 900-4 | month = Aug | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 12186790 | URL = http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/106/8/900.full.pdf }}</ref> | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features - section through raphe: | |||
*"No evidence of fusion."<ref name=Ref_AoGP>{{Ref AoGP|2}}</ref> | |||
*Elastic fibres through-out (not interrupted by fibrous tissue). (???) | |||
==Tumours== | ==Tumours== | ||