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'''Giant cells''' are "big" cells with multiple nuclei. They come in different flavours, which are suggestive of causality. | [[Image:Giant cell in bronchial wash -- very high mag.jpg|thumb|right|Giant cell from a [[pulmonary cytopathology|bronchial wash]]. [[Pap stain]].]] | ||
'''Giant cells''' are "big" cells with multiple nuclei. They come in different flavours, which are suggestive of causality. | |||
This article deals with the classic types of giant cells. A more general differential diagnosis of giant cells is in ''[[giant cell lesions]]''. | |||
==Giant cell types== | ==Giant cell types== | ||
List: | List: | ||
*Touton giant cell. | *Touton giant cell. | ||
* | *Osteoclast-like giant cell. | ||
*Foreign body type giant cell. | *Foreign body type giant cell. | ||
| Line 11: | Line 14: | ||
| Type | | Type | ||
| Histology | | Histology | ||
| | | DDx | ||
| Other | | Other | ||
| Image | | Image | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Touton giant cell | | Touton giant cell | ||
| | | Nuclei form a ring around the cell periphery with eosinophilic cytoplasm centrally and foamy cytoplasm at the periphery. | ||
| | | [[Juvenile xanthogranuloma]], [[xanthoma]], [[Erdheim-Chester disease]], [[fat necrosis]], [[dermatofibroma]] | ||
| | | High lipid content lesions<ref>URL: [http://granuloma.homestead.com/giant_cells.html http://granuloma.homestead.com/giant_cells.html]. Accessed on: 7 February 2011.</ref>, Named after Karl Touton | ||
| [ | | [[Image:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_very_high_mag.jpg|thumb|200px|JXG (WC)]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Epithelioid type | | Epithelioid type | ||
| scattered nuclei<ref name=Ref_InstantPath7>{{Ref InstantPath|7}}</ref> | | scattered nuclei<ref name=Ref_InstantPath7>{{Ref InstantPath|7}}</ref> | ||
| | | drug reaction, neoplasm, foreign body, infection, idiopathic, autoimmune, allergic | ||
| | | [[granuloma|granulomatous inflammation]] | ||
| [ | | [[Image:Crohn%27s_disease_-_colon_-_very_high_mag.jpg|thumb|150px|center|Granuloma (WC)]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Langhans giant cell | | Langhans giant cell | ||
| peripheral eccentric nuclei<ref name=Ref_InstantPath7>{{Ref InstantPath|7}}</ref> | | peripheral semi-circular eccentric nuclei<ref name=Ref_InstantPath7>{{Ref InstantPath|7}}</ref> | ||
| | | tuberculosis, sarcoidosis. | ||
| '''not''' to be confused with ''Langerhans cells'' | | '''not''' to be confused with ''Langerhans cells'', Named after Theodor Langhans | ||
| [ | | [[Image:Granulation_tissue_containg_a_poorly_formed_granuloma_with_a_Langhan%27s_giant_cell.jpg|thumb|200px|LGC (WC)]] | ||
|- | |||
| Osteoclast-like giant cells | |||
| multiple bland central nuclei, ruffled cell membrane. | |||
| osteoclasts, others | |||
| [[AKA]] osteoclast-type giant cells | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||