Difference between revisions of "Giant cell cystitis"

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'''Giant cell cystitis''' is term used for a benign change of the mesenchymal cells of the [[urinary bladder]] lamina propria.
[[Image:Bladder with benign large mesenchymal cells -- high mag.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Urinary bladder with benign large mesenchymal cells - so-called "giant cell cystitis". [[H&E stain]].]]
'''Giant cell cystitis''' is term used for a benign change of mesenchymal cells in the [[urinary bladder]] lamina propria.


''Giant cell cystitis'' is considered a misnomer as may be seen in an otherwise normal bladder.<ref name=pmid20196670>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Hameed | first1 = O. | last2 = Humphrey | first2 = PA. | title = Pseudoneoplastic mimics of prostate and bladder carcinomas. | journal = Arch Pathol Lab Med | volume = 134 | issue = 3 | pages = 427-43 | month = Mar | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1043/1543-2165-134.3.427 | PMID = 20196670 }}</ref>
''Giant cell cystitis'' is considered a misnomer as it may be seen in an otherwise normal bladder that lacks significant inflammation.<ref name=pmid20196670>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Hameed | first1 = O. | last2 = Humphrey | first2 = PA. | title = Pseudoneoplastic mimics of prostate and bladder carcinomas. | journal = Arch Pathol Lab Med | volume = 134 | issue = 3 | pages = 427-43 | month = Mar | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1043/1543-2165-134.3.427 | PMID = 20196670 }}</ref>


==General==
==General==
*Considered a common benign finding; ''not'' a clinical entity.<ref name=Ref_Amin2_6>{{Ref Amin|2:6}}</ref>
*Considered a common benign finding; ''not'' a clinical entity.<ref name=Ref_Amin2_6>{{Ref Amin|2:6}}</ref>
*Reported in up to 1/3 of bladders at [[autopsy]].<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Wells | first1 = HG | last2 = | first2 = | title = Giant cells in cystitis | journal = Arch Pathol  | volume = 26 | issue = | pages = 32-43 | month = | year = 1938 | doi = | PMID = | PMC = | url = }}</ref>


==Microscopic==
==Microscopic==
Features:<ref name=Ref_Uropath305>{{Ref Uropath|305}}</ref>
Features:<ref name=Ref_Uropath305>{{Ref Uropath|305}}</ref>
*Scattered atypical mesenchymal cells - mononuclear or multinucleated.
*Scattered atypical mesenchymal cells - mononuclear or multinucleated - '''key feature'''.
*+/-Nuclear hyperchromasia and/or lobulation.
*+/-Nuclear hyperchromasia and/or lobulation.
*Absence of apparent mitotic activity.
*Minimal/absence of mitotic activity.
 
Note:
*Inflammation may be present or absent; "giant cell cystitis" is a misnomer.


DDx:
DDx:
*[[Radiation cystitis]] - history of radiation, more atypical usually with nucleoli.
*[[Radiation cystitis]] - history of radiation, more atypical usually with nucleoli.<ref name=Ref_Amin2_6/>
*[[Sarcoma]] of the bladder or metastatic sarcoma - typically more cellular.
*[[Sarcoma]] of the bladder or metastatic sarcoma - typically more cellular.<ref name=Ref_Amin2_6/>
*Sarcomatoid change in [[urothelial carcinoma]].
*Sarcomatoid change in [[urothelial carcinoma]].
===Images===
<gallery>
Image: Bladder with benign large mesenchymal cells -- very low mag.jpg | GCC - very low mag. (WC)
Image: Bladder with benign large mesenchymal cells -- low mag.jpg | GCC - low mag. (WC)
Image: Bladder with benign large mesenchymal cells -- intermed mag.jpg | GCC - intermed. mag. (WC)
Image: Bladder with benign large mesenchymal cells -- high mag.jpg | GCC - high mag. (WC)
Image: Bladder with benign large mesenchymal cells - alt -- intermed mag.jpg | GCC - intermed. mag. (WC)
Image: Bladder with benign large mesenchymal cells - alt -- high mag.jpg | GCC - high mag. (WC)
Image: Bladder with benign large mesenchymal cells - alt -- very high mag.jpg | GCC - very high mag. (WC)
Image: Bladder with benign large mesenchymal cells -- very high mag.jpg | GCC - very high mag. (WC)
</gallery>
==Sign out==
<pre>
Urinary Bladder, Biopsy:
- Urothelial mucosa with scattered large atypical mesenchymal cells in the
  lamina propria, prominent smooth muscle and prominent superficial
  blood vessels.
- Urothelium within normal limits.
- Thick benign muscularis propria.
- NEGATIVE for significant proliferative activity and NEGATIVE for significant inflammation.
- NEGATIVE for dysplasia and NEGATIVE for malignancy.
</pre>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Radiation cystitis]].
*[[Radiation cystitis]].
*[[Giant cells]].


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 14:12, 7 December 2016

Urinary bladder with benign large mesenchymal cells - so-called "giant cell cystitis". H&E stain.

Giant cell cystitis is term used for a benign change of mesenchymal cells in the urinary bladder lamina propria.

Giant cell cystitis is considered a misnomer as it may be seen in an otherwise normal bladder that lacks significant inflammation.[1]

General

  • Considered a common benign finding; not a clinical entity.[2]
  • Reported in up to 1/3 of bladders at autopsy.[3]

Microscopic

Features:[4]

  • Scattered atypical mesenchymal cells - mononuclear or multinucleated - key feature.
  • +/-Nuclear hyperchromasia and/or lobulation.
  • Minimal/absence of mitotic activity.

Note:

  • Inflammation may be present or absent; "giant cell cystitis" is a misnomer.

DDx:

Images

Sign out

Urinary Bladder, Biopsy:
- Urothelial mucosa with scattered large atypical mesenchymal cells in the 
  lamina propria, prominent smooth muscle and prominent superficial 
  blood vessels.
- Urothelium within normal limits.
- Thick benign muscularis propria.
- NEGATIVE for significant proliferative activity and NEGATIVE for significant inflammation.
- NEGATIVE for dysplasia and NEGATIVE for malignancy.

See also

References

  1. Hameed, O.; Humphrey, PA. (Mar 2010). "Pseudoneoplastic mimics of prostate and bladder carcinomas.". Arch Pathol Lab Med 134 (3): 427-43. doi:10.1043/1543-2165-134.3.427. PMID 20196670.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Amin, Mahul B. (2010). Diagnostic Pathology: Genitourinary (1st ed.). Amirsys. pp. 2:6. ISBN 978-1931884280.
  3. Wells, HG (1938). "Giant cells in cystitis". Arch Pathol 26: 32-43.
  4. Amin, Mahul B.; Eble, John; Grignon, David; Srigley, John. (2013). Urological Pathology (1st ed.). Wolters Kluwer. pp. 305. ISBN 978-0781782814.