Difference between revisions of "Giant cell arteritis"
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'''Giant cell arteritis''' (abbreviated '''GCA'''), also known as '''temporal arteritis''', is a type of [[vasculitis]]. | |||
==Giant cell arteritis== | |||
:''Temporal artery'' redirects here. | |||
*Abbreviated ''GCA''. | |||
*[[AKA]] ''temporal arteritis''. | |||
===General=== | |||
*Classically afflicts the ''temporal artery''. | |||
Clinical features: | |||
*Classic finding: jaw claudication, in a patient older than 50 years. | |||
*Other findings: headache, vision loss or diplopia, scalp tenderness, polymyalgia, weight loss, chills, fever. | |||
Work-up: | |||
*CRP, ESR, temporal artery biopsy. | |||
**ESR normal (>50 years old): <20 mm/hr males, <30 mm/hr females.<ref>URL: [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003638.htm http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003638.htm]. Accessed on: 17 August 2012.</ref> | |||
Treatment: | |||
*Treat right away with high dose steroids. | |||
**Biopsy is confirmatory. | |||
==Microscopic== | |||
Features: | |||
*Artery with intramural inflammatory cells. | |||
**Classically [[granuloma|granulomatous inflammation]]. | |||
***Granulomas not required for the diagnosis! | |||
*Destruction of arterial wall, e.g. fibrinoid necrosis (pink anucleate arterial wall). | |||
Image(s): | |||
*[http://www.djo.harvard.edu/files/5077_728.jpg GCA (harvard.edu)]. | |||
*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case646.html GCA - several images (upmc.edu)]. | |||
==Sign out== | |||
===Negative=== | |||
<pre> | |||
TEMPORAL ARTERY, LEFT, BIOPSY: | |||
- MEDIUM SIZE ARTERY WITHOUT PATHOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS, SEE COMMENT. | |||
COMMENT: | |||
A negative biopsy does not rule out the possibility of giant cell (temporal) | |||
arteritis, as this may be a focal disorder. The clinical management is | |||
dependent upon the clinical impression. | |||
</pre> | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Vasculitides]]. | |||
*[[Cardiovascular pathology]]. | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|1}} | |||
[[Category:Diagnosis]] | [[Category:Diagnosis]] | ||
[[Category:Vasculitides]] | |||
Revision as of 07:52, 17 December 2014
Giant cell arteritis (abbreviated GCA), also known as temporal arteritis, is a type of vasculitis.
Giant cell arteritis
- Temporal artery redirects here.
- Abbreviated GCA.
- AKA temporal arteritis.
General
- Classically afflicts the temporal artery.
Clinical features:
- Classic finding: jaw claudication, in a patient older than 50 years.
- Other findings: headache, vision loss or diplopia, scalp tenderness, polymyalgia, weight loss, chills, fever.
Work-up:
- CRP, ESR, temporal artery biopsy.
- ESR normal (>50 years old): <20 mm/hr males, <30 mm/hr females.[1]
Treatment:
- Treat right away with high dose steroids.
- Biopsy is confirmatory.
Microscopic
Features:
- Artery with intramural inflammatory cells.
- Classically granulomatous inflammation.
- Granulomas not required for the diagnosis!
- Classically granulomatous inflammation.
- Destruction of arterial wall, e.g. fibrinoid necrosis (pink anucleate arterial wall).
Image(s):
Sign out
Negative
TEMPORAL ARTERY, LEFT, BIOPSY: - MEDIUM SIZE ARTERY WITHOUT PATHOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS, SEE COMMENT. COMMENT: A negative biopsy does not rule out the possibility of giant cell (temporal) arteritis, as this may be a focal disorder. The clinical management is dependent upon the clinical impression.
See also
References
- ↑ URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003638.htm. Accessed on: 17 August 2012.