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Difference between revisions of "Gastrointestinal tract polyps"
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Gastrointestinal tract polyps (view source)
Revision as of 23:51, 18 March 2018
, 23:51, 18 March 2018→Pseudoinvasion in colorectal adenomatous polyps
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===Sign out=== | ===Sign out=== | ||
====Normal==== | ====Normal==== | ||
<pre> | |||
Cecum, Biopsy: | |||
- Colorectal-type mucosa within normal limits. | |||
</pre> | |||
<pre> | |||
Right Colon, Biopsy: | |||
- Colonic mucosa within normal limits. | |||
</pre> | |||
<pre> | |||
Transverse Colon, Biopsy: | |||
- Colonic mucosa within normal limits. | |||
</pre> | |||
<pre> | |||
Left Colon, Biopsy: | |||
- Colonic mucosa within normal limits. | |||
</pre> | |||
<pre> | |||
Rectum, Biopsy: | |||
- Colorectal mucosa within normal limits. | |||
</pre> | |||
=====Block letters===== | |||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
SIGMOID COLON, BIOPSY: | SIGMOID COLON, BIOPSY: | ||
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==Pseudoinvasion in colorectal adenomatous polyps== | ==Pseudoinvasion in colorectal adenomatous polyps== | ||
*[[AKA]] ''pseudoinvasion''. | *[[AKA]] ''pseudoinvasion''. | ||
*[[AKA]] ''epithelial misplacement''. | |||
* | {{Main|Pseudoinvasion in colorectal adenomatous polyps}} | ||
==High-risk features in (colorectal) adenomatous polyps with carcinoma== | ==High-risk features in (colorectal) adenomatous polyps with carcinoma== | ||
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#[[Lymphovascular invasion]]. | #[[Lymphovascular invasion]]. | ||
#High-grade [[tumour budding]]. | #High-grade [[tumour budding]]. | ||
#*Tumour bud = 1-4 cell(s); "high-grade budding" is >=10 tumour buds in a field of 0.385 mm<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=pmid11952856>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ueno | first1 = H. | last2 = Murphy | first2 = J. | last3 = Jass | first3 = JR. | last4 = Mochizuki | first4 = H. | last5 = Talbot | first5 = IC. | title = Tumour 'budding' as an index to estimate the potential of aggressiveness in rectal cancer. | journal = Histopathology | volume = 40 | issue = 2 | pages = 127-32 | month = Feb | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 11952856 }}</ref> | #*Tumour bud = 1-4 cell(s); "high-grade budding" is >=10 tumour buds in a field of 0.385 mm<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=pmid11952856>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ueno | first1 = H. | last2 = Murphy | first2 = J. | last3 = Jass | first3 = JR. | last4 = Mochizuki | first4 = H. | last5 = Talbot | first5 = IC. | title = Tumour 'budding' as an index to estimate the potential of aggressiveness in rectal cancer. | journal = Histopathology | volume = 40 | issue = 2 | pages = 127-32 | month = Feb | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 11952856 }}</ref>‡ | ||
#**If the microscope has a 22 mm eye piece and... | #**If the microscope has a 22 mm eye piece and... | ||
#***A 20x objective, the field is approximately 0.950 mm<sup>2</sup> -- to match the buds/area -- it would be 24.68 buds/0.950 mm<sup>2</sup>. | #***A 20x objective, the field is approximately 0.950 mm<sup>2</sup> -- to match the buds/area -- it would be 24.68 buds/0.950 mm<sup>2</sup>. | ||
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If none of the above factors is present the risk of [[lymph node]] metastasis is < 1%. The presence of one risk factor increases the risk to ~20%. If multiple risk factors are present the chance of [[lymph node metastases]] is greater than 35%.<ref name=pmid15300569/> | If none of the above factors is present the risk of [[lymph node]] metastasis is < 1%. The presence of one risk factor increases the risk to ~20%. If multiple risk factors are present the chance of [[lymph node metastases]] is greater than 35%.<ref name=pmid15300569/> | ||
Note: | |||
*‡Tumour budding as per international consensus is now assessed in field area of 0.785 mm<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=pmid28548122>{{Cite journal | last1 = Lugli | first1 = A. | last2 = Kirsch | first2 = R. | last3 = Ajioka | first3 = Y. | last4 = Bosman | first4 = F. | last5 = Cathomas | first5 = G. | last6 = Dawson | first6 = H. | last7 = El Zimaity | first7 = H. | last8 = Fléjou | first8 = JF. | last9 = Hansen | first9 = TP. | title = Recommendations for reporting tumor budding in colorectal cancer based on the International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference (ITBCC) 2016. | journal = Mod Pathol | volume = 30 | issue = 9 | pages = 1299-1311 | month = Sep | year = 2017 | doi = 10.1038/modpathol.2017.46 | PMID = 28548122 }}</ref> | |||
==Traditional adenoma== | ==Traditional adenoma== | ||
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*Ganglion cells - '''key feature'''. | *Ganglion cells - '''key feature'''. | ||
**Large cells with a round nucleus and a prominent nucleolus. | **Large cells with a round nucleus and a prominent nucleolus. | ||
DDx: | |||
*[[Hyperplastic polyp with perineuromatous stroma]]. | |||
====Images==== | ====Images==== | ||
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Image:Ganglioneuroma_-_very_high_mag.jpg | Ganglioneuroma - very high mag. (WC/Nephron) | Image:Ganglioneuroma_-_very_high_mag.jpg | Ganglioneuroma - very high mag. (WC/Nephron) | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==Inflammatory myoglandular polyp== | ==Inflammatory myoglandular polyp== | ||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
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*Polypoid prolaping mucosal fold in [[diverticular disease]]. | *Polypoid prolaping mucosal fold in [[diverticular disease]]. | ||
*[[Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp]]. | *[[Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp]]. | ||
*Inflammatory cap polyp. | *[[Inflammatory cap polyp]]. | ||
Image: | Image: | ||
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*[[Small bowel]]. | *[[Small bowel]]. | ||
*[[Colon]]. | *[[Colon]]. | ||
*[[Polypectomy]]. | |||
=References= | =References= | ||