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[[Image:Head of femur.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Femoral head. (WC)]] | |||
The '''femoral head''' is a common [[ditzel]] in surgical pathology at centres which have orthopaedic surgeons. | The '''femoral head''' is a common [[ditzel]] in surgical pathology at centres which have orthopaedic surgeons. | ||
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==Avascular necrosis of the femoral head== | ==Avascular necrosis of the femoral head== | ||
*[[AKA]] ''avascular necrosis'', abbreviated ''AVN''. | *[[AKA]] ''avascular necrosis'', abbreviated ''AVN''. | ||
{{Main|Avascular necrosis of the femoral head}} | |||
==Osteoarthritis== | ==Osteoarthritis== | ||
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==Fracture of bone due to metastatic carcinoma== | ==Fracture of bone due to metastatic carcinoma== | ||
{{Main|Fracture of bone}} | {{Main|Fracture of bone}} | ||
:''Pathologic fracture'' redirects here, as the underlying cause is usually a carcinoma. | |||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*Uncommon ~ 10 of 90 suspected cases.<ref name=pmid15826621>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ramisetty | first1 = NM. | last2 = Pynsent | first2 = PB. | last3 = Abudu | first3 = A. | title = Fracture of the femoral neck, the risk of serious underlying pathology. | journal = Injury | volume = 36 | issue = 5 | pages = 622-6 | month = May | year = 2005 | doi = 10.1016/j.injury.2004.08.034 | PMID = 15826621 }}</ref> | *Uncommon ~ 10 of 90 suspected cases.<ref name=pmid15826621>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ramisetty | first1 = NM. | last2 = Pynsent | first2 = PB. | last3 = Abudu | first3 = A. | title = Fracture of the femoral neck, the risk of serious underlying pathology. | journal = Injury | volume = 36 | issue = 5 | pages = 622-6 | month = May | year = 2005 | doi = 10.1016/j.injury.2004.08.034 | PMID = 15826621 }}</ref> | ||
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===Gross=== | ===Gross=== | ||
*Irregular/jagged femoral neck margin. | *Irregular/jagged femoral neck margin - '''important'''. | ||
*Hemorrhage. | *Hemorrhage. | ||
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===Sign out=== | ===Sign out=== | ||
<pre> | |||
FEMORAL HEAD AND SURROUNDING TISSUE, RIGHT, HIP ARTHROPLASTY: | |||
- BONE WITH CHANGES CONSISTENT WITH FRACTURE. | |||
- BENIGN FIBROADIPOSE TISSUE AND CARTILAGE. | |||
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY. | |||
</pre> | |||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
FEMORAL HEAD AND SURROUNDING TISSUE, LEFT, HIP ARTHROPLASTY: | FEMORAL HEAD AND SURROUNDING TISSUE, LEFT, HIP ARTHROPLASTY: | ||
- NON-VITAL BONE CONSISTENT WITH FRACTURE. | - NON-VITAL BONE CONSISTENT WITH FRACTURE. | ||
- BENIGN FIBROADIPOSE TISSUE AND CARTILAGE. | |||
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY. | |||
</pre> | |||
====With degenerative joint disease==== | |||
<pre> | |||
FEMORAL HEAD AND SURROUNDING TISSUE, RIGHT, HIP ARTHROPLASTY: | |||
- BONE WITH CHANGES CONSISTENT WITH FRACTURE. | |||
- DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE. | |||
- BENIGN FIBROADIPOSE TISSUE AND CARTILAGE. | - BENIGN FIBROADIPOSE TISSUE AND CARTILAGE. | ||
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY. | - NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY. |
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