Eye
The eye is rarely seen by pathologists. They go to neuropathologists.
An introduction to neuropathology is in the neuropathology article.
Histology
- The muscles that move the eye have a high nerve:muscle ratio = ~1:4.[1]
- Other muscles in the body ~1:250.
Conjunctiva:[2]
- Stratified squamous.
- May be stratified columnar
- Goblet cells.
Pingueculum
- Plural pinguecula.
General
- Raizada et al.[3] suggest it is an early pterygium; however, this is disputed.
- Due to ultraviolet light exposure, e.g. sunlight.[4]
- Tend to be older than individuals afflicted with a pterygium.
Gross
- Yellow spot.
Microscopic
Features:
- Similar to pterygium.[4]
Pterygium
- AKA surfer eye.
General
- Pronounced: "tuh-rij-ee-uhm".[5]
- Conjunctiva lesion that covers part of the sclera.
- Sclera = white part of the eye.[6]
- Benign.
- Due to ultraviolet light exposure, i.e. sunlight.[4]
Image:
Microscopic
Features:[4]
- Hyaline material beneath epithelium.
- Elastic fibres beneath the hyaline material.
- +/-Inflammation.
- Solar elastosis.[7]
- Dense gray/light brown acellular material.
- Dilated vessels.[7]
DDx:
- Squamous dysplasia.
Images:
Eccrine hidrocystoma
General
- Benign.
- Eyelid lesion.
Clinical DDx:[8]
- Cystic BCC.
Microsopic
Features:
- Same histology as epidermal inclusion cyst.[8]
Retinoblastoma
General
- Rare.
- Malignant.
- May be familial.[9]
Microscopic
Features:
- Small round cell tumour.
- Flexner-Wintersteiner rosette - key feature.
- Rosette with empty centre (donut hole).[10]
- +/-Homer-Wright rosette.[11]
- Circular rosette with neuropil at the centre.[10]
Image:
Notes:
- DDx of Flexner-Wintersteiner rosette includes: pineoblastomas, medulloepitheliomas.
Retinal hemorrhage
Image:
See also
References
- ↑ Bilbao. 24 November 2010.
- ↑ URL: http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/corepages/eye/eye.htm. Accessed on: 20 October 2011.
- ↑ Raizada, IN.; Bhatnagar, NK. (Jul 1976). "Pinguecula and pterygium (a histopathological study).". Indian J Ophthalmol 24 (2): 16-8. PMID 1031388.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Hill, JC.; Maske, R. (1989). "Pathogenesis of pterygium.". Eye (Lond) 3 ( Pt 2): 218-26. doi:10.1038/eye.1989.31. PMID 2695353.
- ↑ URL: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pterygium. Accessed on: 20 October 2011
- ↑ URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002006/. Accessed on: 20 October 2011.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 URL: http://www.uic.edu/depts/mcpt/eyepath/specco4.htm. Accessed on: 25 October 2011.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Adams, SP. (Feb 1999). "Dermacase. Eccrine hydrocystoma.". Can Fam Physician 45: 297, 306. PMC 2328272. PMID 10065300. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2328272/.
- ↑ Lohmann D (2010). "Retinoblastoma". Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 685: 220–7. PMID 20687510.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Wippold FJ, Perry A (March 2006). "Neuropathology for the neuroradiologist: rosettes and pseudorosettes". AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 27 (3): 488–92. PMID 16551982.
- ↑ WH. 14 March 2011.
- ↑ URL: http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/EXAM/IMGQUIZ/fofrm.html. Accessed on: 6 December 2010.