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[[Image:Gout_-_monosodium_urate_crystals_(20X,_polarized,_red_compensator).jpg|thumb|right|Crystals (gout) and blood cells in [[polarized light]]. (WC/Gabriel Caponetti)]] | |||
[[Image: Crystals in urine - uc -- very high mag - animation.gif | Crystals - very high mag.|thumb|right|Crystals in urine. (WC)]] | |||
This article deals with '''crystals in body fluids'''. | This article deals with '''crystals in body fluids'''. | ||
=Crystals= | |||
==Joint crystals== | ==Joint crystals== | ||
Types:<ref> | Types:<ref>{{Ref TN2005| RH6}}</ref> | ||
*Gout = needle-shaped, negatively birefringent, yellow when aligned. | *Gout = needle-shaped, negatively birefringent, yellow when aligned. | ||
*Pseudogout = rhomboid-shaped, positively birefringent, blue when aligned. | *Pseudogout = rhomboid-shaped, positively birefringent, blue when aligned. | ||
| Line 9: | Line 12: | ||
*Pseudogout also known as CPPD = calcium pyrophosphate dehydrogenase. | *Pseudogout also known as CPPD = calcium pyrophosphate dehydrogenase. | ||
*Memory device: ''ABC+'' = ''a''ligned ''b''lue is ''c''alcium & ''c''uboid - positively birefringent. | *Memory device: ''ABC+'' = ''a''ligned ''b''lue is ''c''alcium & ''c''uboid - positively birefringent. | ||
==Urine crystals== | ==Urine crystals== | ||
| Line 19: | Line 18: | ||
*Diamond shape (uric acid). | *Diamond shape (uric acid). | ||
*Coffin-lid shape (struvite). | *Coffin-lid shape (struvite). | ||
*Hexagonal shape (cysteine). | *Hexagonal shape ([[cystinosis|cysteine]]). | ||
Notes: | Notes: | ||
| Line 25: | Line 24: | ||
**''Diamonds'' are see-through; ergo, uric acid stones not seen on KUB. | **''Diamonds'' are see-through; ergo, uric acid stones not seen on KUB. | ||
**Calcium oxalat'''e''' = '''e'''nvelope, uric aci'''d''' = '''d'''iamond. | **Calcium oxalat'''e''' = '''e'''nvelope, uric aci'''d''' = '''d'''iamond. | ||
*Uric acid crystals: usually dissolve in [[formalin]]... but do not dissolve in alcohol.<ref> | *Uric acid crystals: usually dissolve in [[formalin]]... but do not dissolve in alcohol.<ref>Geddie, W. 8 January 2010.</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Shidham | first1 = V. | last2 = Chivukula | first2 = M. | last3 = Basir | first3 = Z. | last4 = Shidham | first4 = G. | title = Evaluation of crystals in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections for the differential diagnosis of pseudogout, gout, and tumoral calcinosis. | journal = Mod Pathol | volume = 14 | issue = 8 | pages = 806-10 | month = Aug | year = 2001 | doi = 10.1038/modpathol.3880394 | PMID = 11504841 }}</ref> | ||
*Calcium oxalate crystals are seen in the context of [[ethylene glycol]] poisoning.<ref name=Ref_KFP589>{{Ref KFP|589}}</ref> | *Calcium oxalate crystals are seen in the context of [[ethylene glycol]] poisoning.<ref name=Ref_KFP589>{{Ref KFP|589}}</ref> | ||
==See also | ===Images=== | ||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Struvite_crystals_dog_with_scale_1.JPG | Struvite crystals. (WC) | |||
Image: Uric acid crystals (urine) - Ürik asit kristalleri (idrar) - 03.png | Uric acid crystals. (WC) | |||
Image: Calcium oxalate crystals in urine.jpg | Calcium oxalate crystal - envelope-shaped. (WC) | |||
Image: Fluorescent uric acid.JPG | Uric acid crystals. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
====Case==== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image: Crystals in urine - uc -- high mag.jpg | Crystals - high mag. | |||
Image: Crystals in urine - uc - alt -- high mag.jpg | Crystals - high mag. | |||
Image: Crystals in urine - uc -- very high mag.jpg | Crystals - very high mag. | |||
Image: Crystals in urine - uc - alt -- very high mag.jpg | Crystals - very high mag. | |||
Image: Crystals in urine - uc - alt 2 -- very high mag.jpg | Crystals - very high mag. | |||
</gallery> | |||
====www==== | |||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Uric_acid_crystals.jpg Uric acid crystals - schematic from 1844. (wikipedia.org)] | |||
===Sign out=== | |||
====Urine cytology==== | |||
<pre> | |||
Negative for malignant cells. | |||
Mainly squamous cells present. Cuboidal/rhomboidal crystals present. | |||
</pre> | |||
=Diseases= | |||
==Gout== | |||
{{Main|Gout}} | |||
==Pseudogout== | |||
*[[AKA]] ''Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease'',<ref>URL: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001458/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001458/]. Accessed on: 28 October 2011.</ref> abbreviated ''CPPD''. | |||
{{Main|Chondrocalcinosis}} | |||
=See also= | |||
*[[Cytopathology]]. | *[[Cytopathology]]. | ||
*[[Medical renal diseases]]. | *[[Medical renal diseases]]. | ||
*[[Nephrolithiasis]] - kidney stones. | |||
*[[Polarized light]]. | |||
=References= | |||
{{reflist|2}} | |||
== | =External links= | ||
*[http://granuloma.homestead.com/foreignbody2.html Foreign body granulomas (granuloma.homestead.com)]. | |||
*[http://www.eclinpath.com/atlas/urinalysis/urine-crystals/nggallery/page/3 Urine cytology - veterinary medicine (eclinpath.com)]. | |||
[[Category:Clinical]] | [[Category:Clinical]] | ||