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Difference between revisions of "Congenital heart disease"
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*Fontan procedure cannot be done in a newborn as the pulmonary vascular bed resistance is too high.<ref name=pmid5089489/> | *Fontan procedure cannot be done in a newborn as the pulmonary vascular bed resistance is too high.<ref name=pmid5089489/> | ||
=Shunts - overview= | |||
Most shunts are a consequence of congenital heart disease. They can be grouped into ''left-to-right'' and ''right-to-left''. | Most shunts are a consequence of congenital heart disease. They can be grouped into ''left-to-right'' and ''right-to-left''. | ||
==Left-to-right== | |||
Mnemonic ''the Ds'':<ref name=Ref_PBoD566>{{Ref PBoD|566}}</ref> | Mnemonic ''the Ds'':<ref name=Ref_PBoD566>{{Ref PBoD|566}}</ref> | ||
*ASD = atrial septal defect. | *ASD = atrial septal defect. | ||
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Note: The word ''Left'' has four letters and there are four L->R shunts. | Note: The word ''Left'' has four letters and there are four L->R shunts. | ||
==Right-to-left== | |||
Mnemonic ''5 Ts'':<ref name=Ref_PBoD568>{{Ref PBoD|568}}</ref> | Mnemonic ''5 Ts'':<ref name=Ref_PBoD568>{{Ref PBoD|568}}</ref> | ||
*Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). | *Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). | ||
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===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*May be seen in adults. | *May be seen in adults. | ||
*Classically a left-to-right shunt. | |||
**Leads to RV dilation.<ref name=pmid22893692>{{Cite journal | last1 = Nyboe | first1 = C. | last2 = Fenger-Grøn | first2 = M. | last3 = Nielsen-Kudsk | first3 = JE. | last4 = Hjortdal | first4 = V. | title = Closure of secundum atrial septal defects in the adult and elderly patients. | journal = Eur J Cardiothorac Surg | volume = | issue = | pages = | month = Aug | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1093/ejcts/ezs405 | PMID = 22893692 }}</ref> | |||
Clinical: | Clinical: | ||
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==Cor pulmonale== | ==Cor pulmonale== | ||
Heart disease due to pulmonary disease. | |||
Causes - incomplete list:<ref>URL: [http://medsources.blogspot.ca/2011/09/cor-pulmonale.html http://medsources.blogspot.ca/2011/09/cor-pulmonale.html]. Accessed on: 2 May 2012.</ref> | |||
*[[Primary pulmonary hypertension]]. | |||
*Chronic thromboembolic disease. | |||
*[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]. | |||
*[[Interstitial lung disease]]. | |||
**[[Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]]. | |||
*[[Cystic fibrosis]]. | |||
==Pulmonary hypertension== | |||
{{Main|Pulmonary hypertension}} | {{Main|Pulmonary hypertension}} | ||
*May cause ''[[cor pulmonale]]''. | |||
Pressure - definition:<ref name=pmid19416617/> | Pressure - definition:<ref name=pmid19416617/> | ||
*Mean | *Mean pulmonary arterial pressure >25 mmHg at rest. | ||
=See also= | =See also= | ||