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'''Cardiac arrhythmias''' are a [[mechanism of death|mechanism]] associated with [[sudden natural death]]. | '''Cardiac arrhythmias''', especially ventricular ones, are a [[mechanism of death|mechanism]] associated with [[sudden natural death]]. | ||
==General== | ==General== | ||
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*[[Electrocution]]. | *[[Electrocution]]. | ||
*Hyperthermia. | *Hyperthermia. | ||
====Tumour==== | |||
*[[Cystic tumour of the atrioventricular nodal region]]. | |||
==Microscopic== | ==Microscopic== | ||
Features:<ref name=pmid15837088>{{Cite journal | last1 = Baroldi | first1 = G. | last2 = Silver | first2 = MD. | last3 = Parolini | first3 = M. | last4 = Pomara | first4 = C. | last5 = Turillazzi | first5 = E. | last6 = Fineschi | first6 = V. | title = Myofiberbreak-up: a marker of ventricular fibrillation in sudden cardiac death. | journal = Int J Cardiol | volume = 100 | issue = 3 | pages = 435-41 | month = Apr | year = 2005 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.10.007 | PMID = 15837088 }}</ref> | Features - associated with ventricular fibrillation:<ref name=pmid15837088>{{Cite journal | last1 = Baroldi | first1 = G. | last2 = Silver | first2 = MD. | last3 = Parolini | first3 = M. | last4 = Pomara | first4 = C. | last5 = Turillazzi | first5 = E. | last6 = Fineschi | first6 = V. | title = Myofiberbreak-up: a marker of ventricular fibrillation in sudden cardiac death. | journal = Int J Cardiol | volume = 100 | issue = 3 | pages = 435-41 | month = Apr | year = 2005 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.10.007 | PMID = 15837088 }}</ref> | ||
* | *Myofiberbreak-up (MFB) - '''key feature'''. | ||
**Fractures of the | **Fractures of the myofibres perpendicular to the long axis. | ||
**Associated with square nuclei. | **Associated with square nuclei. | ||
Notes: | |||
*In cases with malignant arrhythmias, as shown by cardiac monitor at the time of death, MFB is seen in multiple sections.<ref name=pmid15837088/> | |||
*MFB may be seen in noncardiac deaths.<ref name=pmid15837088/> | |||
<!-- MFB seems to be predominantly mid-myocardial/epicardial, with relative sparing of the subendocardium.{{fact}} --> | |||
===Images=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image: Cardiac myofiberbreak-up -- intermed mag.jpg | MFB - intermed. mag. (WC) | |||
Image: Cardiac myofiberbreak-up -- high mag.jpg | MFB - high mag. (WC) | |||
Image: Cardiac myofiberbreak-up -- very high mag.jpg | MFB - very high mag. (WC) | |||
Image: Cardiac myofiberbreak-up -- alt - very high mag.jpg | MFB - very high mag. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==References== | ==References== |
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