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Difference between revisions of "Amyloid"
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'''Amyloid''' is one of those things clinicians can put in many differential diagnoses. The pathologist can diagnose it. | '''Amyloid''' is one of those things clinicians can put in many differential diagnoses. The pathologist can diagnose it. | ||
=Overview= | |||
==Definition== | ==Definition== | ||
*Disorder of protein folding - structure: beta sheet.<ref name=pmid17190124>{{cite journal |author=Lachmann HJ, Hawkins PN |title=Amyloidosis and the lung |journal=Chron Respir Dis |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=203-14 |year=2006 |pmid=17190124 |doi= |url=http://crd.sagepub.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=17190124}}</ref> | *Disorder of protein folding - structure: beta sheet.<ref name=pmid17190124>{{cite journal |author=Lachmann HJ, Hawkins PN |title=Amyloidosis and the lung |journal=Chron Respir Dis |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=203-14 |year=2006 |pmid=17190124 |doi= |url=http://crd.sagepub.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=17190124}}</ref> | ||
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**Typically has basophilic granularity in the blood vessels.<ref name=pmid17076524>{{cite journal |author=Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Prayson RA |title=An algorithmic approach to the brain biopsy--part I |journal=Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. |volume=130 |issue=11 |pages=1630–8 |year=2006 |month=November |pmid=17076524 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | **Typically has basophilic granularity in the blood vessels.<ref name=pmid17076524>{{cite journal |author=Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Prayson RA |title=An algorithmic approach to the brain biopsy--part I |journal=Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. |volume=130 |issue=11 |pages=1630–8 |year=2006 |month=November |pmid=17076524 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
=Associations - DDx= | |||
*Infections.<ref name=merck>Amyloidosis. Merck Manual. URL: [http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec12/ch160/ch160a.html http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec12/ch160/ch160a.html]. Accessed on: 3 December 2009.</ref><ref>{{Ref_PBoD|261}}</ref> | *Infections.<ref name=merck>Amyloidosis. Merck Manual. URL: [http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec12/ch160/ch160a.html http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec12/ch160/ch160a.html]. Accessed on: 3 December 2009.</ref><ref>{{Ref_PBoD|261}}</ref> | ||
**Tuberculosis. | **Tuberculosis. | ||
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*Many other conditions... | *Many other conditions... | ||
=Classification= | |||
Amyloidosis can be classified a number of different ways. | Amyloidosis can be classified a number of different ways. | ||
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**Transthyretin - from '''''trans'''ports '''thy'''roxine and '''retin'''ol'' (previous ''prealbumin''). | **Transthyretin - from '''''trans'''ports '''thy'''roxine and '''retin'''ol'' (previous ''prealbumin''). | ||
=Types= | |||
==Secondary amyloidosis== | ==Secondary amyloidosis== | ||
*AKA ''AA amyloidosis''. | *AKA ''AA amyloidosis''. | ||
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{{Main|Cerebral amyloid angiopathy}} | {{Main|Cerebral amyloid angiopathy}} | ||
A common cause of [[lobar hemorrhage]] (cerebral cortex, cerebellar cortex) in the elderly. | A common cause of [[lobar hemorrhage]] (cerebral cortex, cerebellar cortex) in the elderly. | ||
==Senile systemic amyloidosis== | ==Senile systemic amyloidosis== | ||
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*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cardiac_amyloidosis_intermed_mag.jpg Senile systemic amyloidosis - congo red (wikimedia.org)]. | *[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cardiac_amyloidosis_intermed_mag.jpg Senile systemic amyloidosis - congo red (wikimedia.org)]. | ||
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cardiac_amyloidosis_very_high_mag_movat.jpg Senile systemic amyloidosis - Movat's (wikimedia.org)]. | *[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cardiac_amyloidosis_very_high_mag_movat.jpg Senile systemic amyloidosis - Movat's (wikimedia.org)]. | ||
=Site specific= | |||
==Cardiac amyloidosis== | |||
===General=== | |||
*Common cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy.<ref>Cardiac amyloidosis. Medlineplus.org. URL: [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000193.htm http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000193.htm]. Accessed on: 3 December 2009.</ref> | |||
Cardiac amyloidosis - subtypes: | |||
#AL amyloidosis - associated with plasma cell dyscrasia - most common cardiac amyloidosis.<ref name=pmid18329550>{{Cite journal | last1 = Sharma | first1 = PP. | last2 = Payvar | first2 = S. | last3 = Litovsky | first3 = SH. | title = Histomorphometric analysis of intramyocardial vessels in primary and senile amyloidosis: epicardium versus endocardium. | journal = Cardiovasc Pathol | volume = 17 | issue = 2 | pages = 65-71 | month = | year = | doi = 10.1016/j.carpath.2007.05.008 | PMID = 18329550 }}</ref> | |||
#Senile systemic amyloidosis - TTR-related amyloidosis (unmutated TTR). | |||
#Hereditary amyloidosis. | |||
#AA amyloidosis is uncommon. | |||
Clinical: | |||
*CHF, conduction abnormalities. | |||
*Kidney disease (proteinuria) - associated with AL amyloidosis. | |||
==Renal amyloidosis== | ==Renal amyloidosis== | ||
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</ref> | </ref> | ||
=See also= | |||
*[[Basics]] | *[[Basics]]. | ||
*[[Neuropathology]] | *[[Neuropathology]]. | ||
=References= | |||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
=External links= | |||
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloidosis Amyloidosis] - wikipedia.org. | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloidosis Amyloidosis] - wikipedia.org. | ||
[[Category:Weird stuff]] | [[Category:Weird stuff]] | ||