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Difference between revisions of "Adenocarcinoma"
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[[Image:Lung adenocarcinoma - pleural fluid -- very high mag.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Adenocarcinoma (lung). Pleural fluid specimen. [[Pap stain]]. (WC)]] | |||
[[Image:Colorectal adenocarcinoma cytology low mag.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Adenocarcinoma (colorectal). [[Field stain]]. (WC)]] | |||
[[Image:Colorectal adenocarcinoma -- high mag.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Colorectal adenocarcinoma]]. [[H&E stain]]. (WC)]] | |||
'''Adenocarcinoma''' is a form of [[cancer]] that arises from glandular tissue. Adenocarcinoma can arise in many sites. | '''Adenocarcinoma''' is a form of [[cancer]] that arises from glandular tissue. Adenocarcinoma can arise in many sites. | ||
'''Adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified''', also '''adenocarcinoma NOS''', is a non-specific malignant diagnosis that without further information is ''not'' very useful for treatment decisions. | '''Adenocarcinoma [[not otherwise specified]]''', also '''adenocarcinoma NOS''', is a non-specific malignant diagnosis that without further information is ''not'' very useful for treatment decisions. | ||
=Types of adenocarcinoma= | =Types of adenocarcinoma= | ||
==Site specific== | ==Site specific== | ||
Below is an incomplete list of adenocarcinomas. | |||
===Gastrointestinal pathology=== | ===Gastrointestinal pathology=== | ||
====Esophagus==== | ====Esophagus==== | ||
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=====Ampulla of Vater===== | =====Ampulla of Vater===== | ||
*[[ | *[[Ampullary adenocarcinoma]]. | ||
====Pancreas==== | ====Pancreas==== | ||
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====Cervix==== | ====Cervix==== | ||
*[[Endocervical adenocarcinoma]]. | |||
*[[Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix]]. | *[[Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix]]. | ||
*[[Minimal deviation adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix]]. | |||
===Genitourinary pathology=== | ===Genitourinary pathology=== | ||
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====Testis==== | ====Testis==== | ||
*[[Adenocarcinoma of the rete testis]]. | *[[Adenocarcinoma of the rete testis]]. | ||
====Urinary bladder==== | |||
*[[Adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder]]. | |||
*[[Urachal adenocarcinoma]]. | |||
==General type== | ==General type== | ||
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*Gland forming - round/ovoid/tubular spaces. | *Gland forming - round/ovoid/tubular spaces. | ||
*Eccentric nucleus. | *Eccentric nucleus. | ||
*Moderate cytoplasm. | *Moderate cytoplasm +/- vacuoles. | ||
*+/-Prominent nucleolus. | *+/-Prominent nucleolus. | ||
*+/-[[Nuclear atypia]] - dependent on type/site. | |||
DDx: | |||
*Carcinoma (poorly differentiated). | |||
*[[Sarcoma]], esp. [[epithelioid sarcomas]]. | |||
*Benign glands. | |||
**[[Endometriosis]]. | |||
**[[Endosalpingiosis]]. | |||
**[[Adenomyosis]]. | |||
===Grading=== | ===Grading=== | ||
Special grading systems exists based on the primary site: | |||
*[[Nottingham grade]] for [[invasive breast cancer]] | |||
*[[Prostate cancer grading|WHO grade groups]] for [[prostate cancer]]. | |||
*Others. | |||
Adenocarcinomas are often graded by their glandular component:<ref>URL: [http://www.cap.org/apps/docs/committees/cancer/cancer_protocols/2011/Esophagus_11protocol.pdf http://www.cap.org/apps/docs/committees/cancer/cancer_protocols/2011/Esophagus_11protocol.pdf]. Accessed on: 6 April 2012.</ref> | Adenocarcinomas are often graded by their glandular component:<ref>URL: [http://www.cap.org/apps/docs/committees/cancer/cancer_protocols/2011/Esophagus_11protocol.pdf http://www.cap.org/apps/docs/committees/cancer/cancer_protocols/2011/Esophagus_11protocol.pdf]. Accessed on: 6 April 2012.</ref> | ||
*Grade 1: >95% of tumour glandular. | *Grade 1: >95% of tumour glandular. | ||
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=See also= | =See also= | ||
*[[Carcinoma]]. | |||
*[[Adenocarcinoma in situ]]. | *[[Adenocarcinoma in situ]]. | ||
*[[Pathologic fracture]]. | *[[Pathologic fracture]]. | ||