Difference between revisions of "KRAS mutation"

===Implication===

===Implication===

In the context of colorectal carcinoma:<ref name=pmid20956938>{{cite journal |author=Dunn EF, Iida M, Myers RA, ''et al.'' |title=Dasatinib sensitizes KRAS mutant colorectal tumors to cetuximab |journal=Oncogene |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2010 |month=October |pmid=20956938 |doi=10.1038/onc.2010.430 |url=}}</ref><ref name=pmid19001320>{{cite journal |author=Di Nicolantonio F, Martini M, Molinari F, ''et al.'' |title=Wild-type BRAF is required for response to panitumumab or cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer |journal=J. Clin. Oncol. |volume=26 |issue=35 |pages=5705–12 |year=2008 |month=December |pmid=19001320 |doi=10.1200/JCO.2008.18.0786 |url=}}</ref>

In the context of colorectal carcinoma:<ref name=pmid20956938>{{cite journal |author=Dunn EF, Iida M, Myers RA, ''et al.'' |title=Dasatinib sensitizes KRAS mutant colorectal tumors to cetuximab |journal=Oncogene |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2010 |month=October |pmid=20956938 |doi=10.1038/onc.2010.430 |url=}}</ref><ref name=pmid19001320>{{cite journal |author=Di Nicolantonio F, Martini M, Molinari F, ''et al.'' |title=Wild-type BRAF is required for response to panitumumab or cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer |journal=J. Clin. Oncol. |volume=26 |issue=35 |pages=5705–12 |year=2008 |month=December |pmid=19001320 |doi=10.1200/JCO.2008.18.0786 |url=}}</ref>

*Patient must have ''wild type'' KRAS to get drugs; KRAS mutation predicts resistance to [[cetuximab]] (Erbitux) and [[panitumumab]] (Vectibix).

*Patient must have ''wild type'' KRAS to get drugs; KRAS mutation predicts resistance to [[cetuximab]] (Erbitux) and [[panitumumab]] (Vectibix).

* The vast majority of activating mutations are found in codon 12/13, 61 and 146.<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Imamura | first1 = Y. | last2 = Lochhead | first2 = P. | last3 = Yamauchi | first3 = M. | last4 = Kuchiba | first4 = A. | last5 = Qian | first5 = ZR. | last6 = Liao | first6 = X. | last7 = Nishihara | first7 = R. | last8 = Jung | first8 = S. | last9 = Wu | first9 = K. | title = Analyses of clinicopathological, molecular, and prognostic associations of KRAS codon 61 and codon 146 mutations in colorectal cancer: cohort study and literature review. | journal = Mol Cancer | volume = 13 | issue =  | pages = 135 | month = May | year = 2014 | doi = 10.1186/1476-4598-13-135 | PMID = 24885062 }}</ref>

* The vast majority of activating mutations are found in codon 12/13, 61 and 146.<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Imamura | first1 = Y. | last2 = Lochhead | first2 = P. | last3 = Yamauchi | first3 = M. | last4 = Kuchiba | first4 = A. | last5 = Qian | first5 = ZR. | last6 = Liao | first6 = X. | last7 = Nishihara | first7 = R. | last8 = Jung | first8 = S. | last9 = Wu | first9 = K. | title = Analyses of clinicopathological, molecular, and prognostic associations of KRAS codon 61 and codon 146 mutations in colorectal cancer: cohort study and literature review. | journal = Mol Cancer | volume = 13 | issue =  | pages = 135 | month = May | year = 2014 | doi = 10.1186/1476-4598-13-135 | PMID = 24885062 }}</ref>

* KRAS mutations are usually stable between primary and metastatic tumors. <ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Petaccia de Macedo | first1 = M. | last2 = Melo | first2 = FM. | last3 = Ribeiro | first3 = HSC. | last4 = Marques | first4 = MC. | last5 = Kagohara | first5 = LT. | last6 = Begnami | first6 = MD. | last7 = Neto | first7 = JC. | last8 = Ribeiro | first8 = JS. | last9 = Soares | first9 = FA. | title = KRAS mutation status is highly homogeneous between areas of the primary tumor and the corresponding metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinomas: one less problem in patient care. | journal = Am J Cancer Res | volume = 7 | issue = 9 | pages = 1978-1989 | month =  | year = 2017 | doi =  | PMID = 28979819 }}</ref>

* KRAS mutations are usually stable between primary and metastatic tumors. <ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Petaccia de Macedo | first1 = M. | last2 = Melo | first2 = FM. | last3 = Ribeiro | first3 = HSC. | last4 = Marques | first4 = MC. | last5 = Kagohara | first5 = LT. | last6 = Begnami | first6 = MD. | last7 = Neto | first7 = JC. | last8 = Ribeiro | first8 = JS. | last9 = Soares | first9 = FA. | title = KRAS mutation status is highly homogeneous between areas of the primary tumor and the corresponding metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinomas: one less problem in patient care. | journal = Am J Cancer Res | volume = 7 | issue = 9 | pages = 1978-1989 | month =  | year = 2017 | doi =  | PMID = 28979819 }}</ref>

In the context of lung cancer:<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Riely | first1 = GJ. | last2 = Kris | first2 = MG. | last3 = Rosenbaum | first3 = D. | last4 = Marks | first4 = J. | last5 = Li | first5 = A. | last6 = Chitale | first6 = DA. | last7 = Nafa | first7 = K. | last8 = Riedel | first8 = ER. | last9 = Hsu | first9 = M. | title = Frequency and distinctive spectrum of KRAS mutations in never smokers with lung adenocarcinoma. | journal = Clin Cancer Res | volume = 14 | issue = 18 | pages = 5731-4 | month = Sep | year = 2008 | doi = 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-0646 | PMID = 18794081 }}</ref>

In the context of lung cancer:<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Riely | first1 = GJ. | last2 = Kris | first2 = MG. | last3 = Rosenbaum | first3 = D. | last4 = Marks | first4 = J. | last5 = Li | first5 = A. | last6 = Chitale | first6 = DA. | last7 = Nafa | first7 = K. | last8 = Riedel | first8 = ER. | last9 = Hsu | first9 = M. | title = Frequency and distinctive spectrum of KRAS mutations in never smokers with lung adenocarcinoma. | journal = Clin Cancer Res | volume = 14 | issue = 18 | pages = 5731-4 | month = Sep | year = 2008 | doi = 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-0646 | PMID = 18794081 }}</ref>

* Mutations are rare in never-smokers.

* Mutations are rare in never-smokers.