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'''Anal intraepithelial neoplasia''', abbreviated '''AIN''', the precursor of [[anal squamous cell carcinoma]]. | |||
==General== | |||
*Precursor lesion of anal [[squamous cell carcinoma]]. | |||
*Usually [[HPV]] associated. | |||
**May be prevented by HPV vaccine. | |||
==Microscopic== | |||
DDx: | |||
*[[Anal squamous cell carcinoma]]. | |||
===Grading=== | |||
AIN is graded much like [[cervix|cervical intraepithelial neoplasia]]: | |||
*High-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (HGAIN). | |||
*Low-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (LGAIN). | |||
==Sign out== | |||
<pre> | |||
ANAL CANAL, RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT, BIOPSY: | |||
- LOW-GRADE SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESION (CONDYLOMA ACUMINATUM-LIKE). | |||
</pre> | |||
<pre> | |||
ANAL CANAL, LEFT UPPER QUADRANT, BIOPSY: | |||
- LOW-GRADE SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESION. | |||
- RECTAL MUCOSA WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS. | |||
</pre> | |||
<pre> | |||
SKIN LESION, PERIANAL, BIOPSY: | |||
- ANAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA 3 (SEVERE DYSPLASIA), WARTY-TYPE. | |||
- MARGIN POSITIVE FOR ANAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA 3. | |||
</pre> | |||
===Micro=== | |||
There is dysplastic squamous epithelium with coarse chromatin, nuclear hyperchromasia, | |||
nuclear enlargement, irregular nuclear membranes, and an increase nuclear-to-cytoplasmic | |||
ratio. Mitotic activity is abundant. Several atypical mitoses are identified. | |||
The dysplastic squamous epithelium shows minimal maturation toward the surface (AIN 3). A | |||
sizable portion of the lesion show some maturation to the surface (AIN 2). | |||
Inflammation at the dermal-epidermal interface is minimal and the dermal-epidermal | |||
interface is well-demarcated. Focal ulceration is present. | |||
The margin of the biopsy has severely dysplastic epithelium (AIN 3). | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Anus]]. | |||
*[[LSIL]]. | |||
*[[HSIL]]. | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|1}} | |||
[[Category:Diagnosis]] | |||
[[Category:Anus]]. |
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