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Difference between revisions of "Pilocytic astrocytoma"
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small update (molecular, sections)
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Jensflorian (talk | contribs) (small update (molecular, sections)) |
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==General== | ==General== | ||
*Low-grade [[astrocytoma]] - ''WHO Grade I'' by definition. | *Low-grade [[astrocytoma]] - ''WHO Grade I'' by definition, but rare anaplastic forms have been described. | ||
*Classically in the cerebellum in children; most common glioma in children.<ref name=Ref_PSNP82>{{Ref PSNP|82}}</ref> | *Classically in the cerebellum in children; most common glioma in children.<ref name=Ref_PSNP82>{{Ref PSNP|82}}</ref> | ||
*The ''optic glioma'' associated with neurofibromatosis 1. | *The ''optic glioma'' is associated with neurofibromatosis 1. | ||
*Usually enhances after CM application | |||
==Gross== | ==Gross== | ||
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*Chronic reactive gliosis. | *Chronic reactive gliosis. | ||
*Subependymoma. | *Subependymoma. | ||
* | *Ganglioglioma. | ||
*Alexander's disease (rare leukodystrophy). | *Alexander's disease (rare leukodystrophy). | ||
DDx of pilocystic astrocytoma (brief): | DDx of pilocystic astrocytoma (brief): | ||
*Piloid gliosis. | *Piloid gliosis (esp. in sellar lesions). | ||
*[[Oligodendroglioma]]. | *[[Oligodendroglioma]]. | ||
*[[Glioblastoma]] (uncommon - but important). | *[[Glioblastoma]] (uncommon - but important). | ||
*Tanycytic [[Ependymoma]] | |||
*Pilocytic tumor components may be found in [[Ganglioglioma]], [[DNET]], [[RGNT]] | |||
===Images=== | ===Images=== | ||
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<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
Image:Rosenthal_HE_40x.jpg | Rosenthal fibres. (WC) | Image:Rosenthal_HE_40x.jpg | Rosenthal fibres. (WC) | ||
Image:Pilocytic astrocytoma cell pleomorphism.jpg | Occasional plomorphism (WC) | |||
Image:Pilocytic astrocytoma endothelial proliferations.jpg | Microvascular proliferation (WC) | |||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
www: | www: | ||
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*CD68: may have a significant macrophage component. | *CD68: may have a significant macrophage component. | ||
*KI-67: may be "high" (~20% ???). | *KI-67: may be "high" (~20% ???). | ||
*Olig 2: Usually strongly present <ref>Otero J, J Neurooncol 2011, doi: 10.1007/s11060-010-0509-x</ref>. | |||
==Molecular== | |||
* alteration usually associated with the MAPK pathway | |||
* KIAA1549-BRAF fusion transcripts most common in sporadic PA | |||
* rarely BRAF mutations, SRGAP3-RAF1 or FAM131B-BRAF fusions | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||