Difference between revisions of "An introduction to head and neck pathology"

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An introduction to head and neck pathology (view source)

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→‎Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: split out
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==Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma==
==Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma==
*Abbreviated ''SNUC''
*Abbreviated ''SNUC''
 
{{Main|Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma}}
===General===
*Aggressive/poor prognosis.
**In the past, survival was measured in months.<ref name=pmid17170968>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Pitman | first1 = KT. | last2 = Costantino | first2 = PD. | last3 = Lassen | first3 = LF. | title = Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: current trends in treatment. | journal = Skull Base Surg | volume = 5 | issue = 4 | pages = 269-72 | month =  | year = 1995 | doi =  | PMID = 17170968 | PMC = 1656535 | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1656535/ }}</ref>
**With (aggressive) combined modality treatment, the overall five-year survival is approximately 75%.<ref name=pmid22476411>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Al-Mamgani | first1 = A. | last2 = van Rooij | first2 = P. | last3 = Mehilal | first3 = R. | last4 = Tans | first4 = L. | last5 = Levendag | first5 = PC. | title = Combined-modality treatment improved outcome in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: single-institutional experience of 21 patients and review of the literature. | journal = Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol | volume =  | issue =  | pages =  | month = Apr | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1007/s00405-012-2008-5 | PMID = 22476411 }}</ref>
 
===Microscopic===
Features:<ref name=Ref_WMSP38>{{Ref WMSP|38}}</ref>
*Architecture: nested, trabecular or lobular.
*Distinct cellular borders.
*Small-to-moderate cytoplasm.
*+/-Distinct nucleoli.
*Tumour cell size variable (small to large).
 
Note:
*Glandular and squamous differentiation are absent by definition.<ref name=pmid11904342/>
 
Images:
*www:
**[http://www.nature.com/modpathol/journal/v15/n3/fig_tab/3880522f7.html SNUC (nature.com)].<ref name=pmid11904342>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Mills | first1 = SE. | title = Neuroectodermal neoplasms of the head and neck with emphasis on neuroendocrine carcinomas. | journal = Mod Pathol | volume = 15 | issue = 3 | pages = 264-78 | month = Mar | year = 2002 | doi = 10.1038/modpathol.3880522 | PMID = 11904342 | URL = http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.3880522 }}</ref>
**[http://www.pathologypics.com/PictView.aspx?ID=244 SNUC (pathologypics.com)].
**[http://www.pathologypics.com/PictView.aspx?ID=249 SNUC (pathologypics.com)].
*[[WC]]:
**[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sinonasal_undifferentiated_carcinoma_-_low_mag.jpg SNUC - low mag. (WC)].
**[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sinonasal_undifferentiated_carcinoma_-_high_mag.jpg SNUC - high mag. (WC)].
**[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sinonasal_undifferentiated_carcinoma_-_very_high_mag.jpg SNUC - very high mag. (WC)].
 
===IHC===
Features:<ref name=Ref_WMSP38>{{Ref WMSP|38}}</ref>
*Pankeratin +ve.
*[[EMA]] +ve.
*CK7 +ve.
*CK5/6 -ve.
 
Others:
*NSE +ve/-ve.
*Chromogranin A -ve.
*Synaptophysin -ve.
*p63 +ve/-ve.<ref name=pmid21805120>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Wadsworth | first1 = B. | last2 = Bumpous | first2 = JM. | last3 = Martin | first3 = AW. | last4 = Nowacki | first4 = MR. | last5 = Jenson | first5 = AB. | last6 = Farghaly | first6 = H. | title = Expression of p16 in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) without associated human papillomavirus (HPV). | journal = Head Neck Pathol | volume = 5 | issue = 4 | pages = 349-54 | month = Dec | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1007/s12105-011-0285-8 | PMID = 21805120 | PMC = 3210220 | URL = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3210220/ }}</ref>


==Nasopharyngeal carcinoma==
==Nasopharyngeal carcinoma==
Michael
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