Difference between revisions of "Vascular tumours"

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Vascular tumours (view source)

Revision as of 03:30, 24 October 2013

5,016 bytes removed ,  03:30, 24 October 2013
→‎Hemangioma: split-out
(→‎Hemangioma: split-out)
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=Distinct entities=
=Distinct entities=
==Hemangioma==
==Hemangioma==
{{ Infobox external links
{{Main|Hemangioma}}
| Name          = Hemangioma
| EHVSC          = 10172
| pathprotocols  =
| wikipedia      =
| pathoutlines  =
}}
===General===
*May be found in the liver.
**Classically subcapsular.
***May rupture and be life-threatening.<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Vokaer | first1 = B. | last2 = Kothonidis | first2 = K. | last3 = Delatte | first3 = P. | last4 = De Cooman | first4 = S. | last5 = Pector | first5 = JC. | last6 = Liberale | first6 = G. | title = Should ruptured liver haemangioma be treated by surgery or by conservative means? A case report. | journal = Acta Chir Belg | volume = 108 | issue = 6 | pages = 761-4 | month =  | year =  | doi =  | PMID = 19241936 }}</ref>
 
Hemangiomas to remember - if you're only going remember a few:
*''Glomeruloid'', ''infantile'', ''caverous'', ''capillary'', ''arteriovenous'', ''venous'' and ''intramuscular''.
 
====Childhood====
Common childhood hemangiomas:<ref name=pmid10410855>{{cite journal |author=Prieto VG, Shea CR |title=Selected cutaneous vascular neoplasms. A review |journal=Dermatol Clin |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=507–20, viii |year=1999 |month=July |pmid=10410855 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Tufted - small clusters of blood vessels.
*Microvenular hemangioma.
*Glomeruloid hemangioma - associated with [[POEMS syndrome]], [[Castleman disease]].<ref name=pmid16860182>{{cite journal |author=Uthup S, Balachandran K, Ammal VA, ''et al.'' |title=Renal involvement in multicentric Castleman disease with glomeruloid hemangioma of skin and plasmacytoma |journal=Am. J. Kidney Dis. |volume=48 |issue=2 |pages=e17–24 |year=2006 |month=August |pmid=16860182 |doi=10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.04.089 |url=}}</ref><ref name=Ref_WMSP618>{{Ref WMSP|618}}</ref>
*Epithelioid hemangioma - see ''[[angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia‎]]''.
*Targetoid hemosideric hemangioma.
*Infantile hemangioma (AKA juvenile hemangioma<ref name=pmid10665907>{{Cite journal  | last1 = North | first1 = PE. | last2 = Waner | first2 = M. | last3 = Mizeracki | first3 = A. | last4 = Mihm | first4 = MC. | title = GLUT1: a newly discovered immunohistochemical marker for juvenile hemangiomas. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 31 | issue = 1 | pages = 11-22 | month = Jan | year = 2000 | doi =  | PMID = 10665907 }}</ref>) - these tumours are ''GLUT-1'' +ve.  They tumours grow and then spontaneously regress.<ref name=pmid15143338>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Dadras | first1 = SS. | last2 = North | first2 = PE. | last3 = Bertoncini | first3 = J. | last4 = Mihm | first4 = MC. | last5 = Detmar | first5 = M. | title = Infantile hemangiomas are arrested in an early developmental vascular differentiation state. | journal = Mod Pathol | volume = 17 | issue = 9 | pages = 1068-79 | month = Sep | year = 2004 | doi = 10.1038/modpathol.3800153 | PMID = 15143338 }}</ref>
 
====Soft tissue====
Several types are seen in soft tissue:<ref>{{Ref WMSP|602}}</ref>
*Capillary.
*Cavernous.
*Arteriovenous.
*Venous.
*Intramuscular.
*Synovial.
 
===Microscopic===
Features:
*Channels lined by benign endothelium containing [[RBC]]s.
 
DDx:
*[[Lymphangioma]].
*[[Angiokeratoma]].
*[[Lobular capillary hemangioma]] (pyogenic granuloma).
 
====Images====
<gallery>
Image:Capillary_hemangioma_-_intermed_mag.jpg | Capillary hemangioma - intermed. mag. (WC/Nephron)
Image:Capillary_hemangioma_-_very_high_mag.jpg | Capillary hemangioma - very high mag. (WC/Nephron)
Image:Cavernous liver hemangioma - intermed mag.jpg | Cavernous liver hemangioma - intermed. mag. (WC/Nephron)
Image:Cavernous_liver_hemangioma_-_high_mag.jpg | Cavernous liver hemangioma - high mag. (WC/Nephron)
Image:Cavernous_hemangioma_histopathology_(1).jpg | Cavernous hemangioma. (WC/KGH)
Image:Cavernous_hemangioma_histopathology_%282%29.jpg | Cavernous hemangioma. (WC/KGH)
</gallery>
www:
*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case277.html Diffuse hemangioma - several images (upmc.edu)].
 
===IHC===
*CD31 +ve.
*D2-40 -ve.<ref name=pmid11950918>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Kahn | first1 = HJ. | last2 = Bailey | first2 = D. | last3 = Marks | first3 = A. | title = Monoclonal antibody D2-40, a new marker of lymphatic endothelium, reacts with Kaposi's sarcoma and a subset of angiosarcomas. | journal = Mod Pathol | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 434-40 | month = Apr | year = 2002 | doi = 10.1038/modpathol.3880543 | PMID = 11950918 | URL = http://www.nature.com/modpathol/journal/v15/n4/full/3880543a.html }}</ref>
 
''Juvenile hemangioma'':<ref name=pmid10665907/>
*GLUT-1 +ve.
 
===Sign out===
<pre>
SUBCUTANEOUS NECK LESION, LEFT, EXCISION:
- CAVERNOUS HEMANGIOMA.
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.
</pre>
 
<pre>
LESION, LEFT SIDE OF FACE, EXCISION:
- CAPILLARY HEMANGIOMA.
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.
</pre>
 
====Micro====
The sections show hair-bearing skin with abundant small superficial vascular channels containing red blood cells. The endothelial cells of the vascular channels do not have atypia.  No mitotic activity is appreciated. The overlying epidermis is unremarkable. Extensive solar elastosis is present. No nevus is identified.


==Lymphangioma==
==Lymphangioma==
Michael
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