Difference between revisions of "Prostate cancer"

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921 bytes added ,  06:42, 27 November 2012
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===Microscopic===
===Microscopic===
Features:
====Major criteria====
*Malignant cells in glands with basal cells - '''key feature'''.
Required major criteria:<ref name=pmid22692290>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Shah | first1 = RB. | last2 = Zhou | first2 = M. | title = Atypical cribriform lesions of the prostate: clinical significance, differential diagnosis and current concept of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate. | journal = Adv Anat Pathol | volume = 19 | issue = 4 | pages = 270-8 | month = Jul | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1097/PAP.0b013e31825c6c0e | PMID = 22692290 }}</ref>
**Two cell populations:
#Glands 2x normal (peripheral zone) glands.
**#Obviously malignant cells with enlarged nuclei, granular chromatin, hyperchromasia and nucleoli.
#Basal cell present (proven by IHC).
**#Cells with pale cytoplasm and smaller nuclei.
#"Cytologically malignant cells" = nuclear hyperchromasia, nuclear enlargement, nucleoli.
#Fills the lumen ("expansile") but does not have to be "solid".
#*Solid = no spaces between the cells.
 
Additional (major) criterium:<ref name=pmid22692290/>
*Comedo[[necrosis]].
 
====Minor criteria====
Minor criteria:<ref name=pmid22692290/>
#Branching of ducts at right angles.
#Rounded/smooth gland outlines.
#Two cell populations:
#*Enlarge nuclei with hyperchromasia and nucleoli (malignant) = peripheral.
#*Smaller nuclei, no nucleoli (benign) = central.


DDx:
DDx:
*[[HGPIN]].
*[[High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia]] (HGPIN).


===IHC===
===IHC===
Features - basal cells present:
Features - basal cells present:
*HMWK +ve.
*CK34betaE12 +ve.
*p63 +ve.


=Unusual forms of prostate cancer=
=Unusual forms of prostate cancer=
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