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Difference between revisions of "Prostate gland"
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→Prostatic adenocarcinoma: tweak
(→Prostatic adenocarcinoma: tweak) |
(→Prostatic adenocarcinoma: tweak) |
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Memory device: '''AAABBRS''' = atrophy, adenosis, adenosis (sclerosing), basal cell hyperplasia, bulbourethral gland, radiation, seminal vesicles. | Memory device: '''AAABBRS''' = atrophy, adenosis, adenosis (sclerosing), basal cell hyperplasia, bulbourethral gland, radiation, seminal vesicles. | ||
===Gleason grading system=== | ====Gleason grading system==== | ||
Overview: | Overview: | ||
*This system is only one any one talks about. | *This system is only one any one talks about. | ||
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*Adenoid cystic carcinoma. | *Adenoid cystic carcinoma. | ||
===Surgical margins and extraprostatic extension=== | ====Surgical margins and extraprostatic extension==== | ||
Definitions: | Definitions: | ||
*Extraprostatic extension (EPE) is difficult to assess (in prostatectomy specimens) as there is no consensus definition. | *Extraprostatic extension (EPE) is difficult to assess (in prostatectomy specimens) as there is no consensus definition. | ||
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*EPE cannot be called on a biopsy unless the tumour is next to adipose tissue.<ref>Evans, A. 4 June 2010.</ref> | *EPE cannot be called on a biopsy unless the tumour is next to adipose tissue.<ref>Evans, A. 4 June 2010.</ref> | ||
====Surgical margins==== | =====Surgical margins===== | ||
{{Main|Surgical margins}} | {{Main|Surgical margins}} | ||
*Positive is ''tumour touching ink''.<ref name=pmid22578729>{{Cite journal | last1 = Lu | first1 = J. | last2 = Wirth | first2 = GJ. | last3 = Wu | first3 = S. | last4 = Chen | first4 = J. | last5 = Dahl | first5 = DM. | last6 = Olumi | first6 = AF. | last7 = Young | first7 = RH. | last8 = McDougal | first8 = WS. | last9 = Wu | first9 = CL. | title = A close surgical margin after radical prostatectomy is an independent predictor of recurrence. | journal = J Urol | volume = 188 | issue = 1 | pages = 91-7 | month = Jul | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.2565 | PMID = 22578729 }}</ref> | *Positive is ''tumour touching ink''.<ref name=pmid22578729>{{Cite journal | last1 = Lu | first1 = J. | last2 = Wirth | first2 = GJ. | last3 = Wu | first3 = S. | last4 = Chen | first4 = J. | last5 = Dahl | first5 = DM. | last6 = Olumi | first6 = AF. | last7 = Young | first7 = RH. | last8 = McDougal | first8 = WS. | last9 = Wu | first9 = CL. | title = A close surgical margin after radical prostatectomy is an independent predictor of recurrence. | journal = J Urol | volume = 188 | issue = 1 | pages = 91-7 | month = Jul | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.2565 | PMID = 22578729 }}</ref> | ||
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*Weaker impact than stage and Gleason score.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Chalfin | first1 = HJ. | last2 = Dinizo | first2 = M. | last3 = Trock | first3 = BJ. | last4 = Feng | first4 = Z. | last5 = Partin | first5 = AW. | last6 = Walsh | first6 = PC. | last7 = Humphreys | first7 = E. | last8 = Han | first8 = M. | title = Impact of surgical margin status on prostate-cancer-specific mortality. | journal = BJU Int | volume = | issue = | pages = | month = Jul | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11371.x | PMID = 22788795 }}</ref> | *Weaker impact than stage and Gleason score.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Chalfin | first1 = HJ. | last2 = Dinizo | first2 = M. | last3 = Trock | first3 = BJ. | last4 = Feng | first4 = Z. | last5 = Partin | first5 = AW. | last6 = Walsh | first6 = PC. | last7 = Humphreys | first7 = E. | last8 = Han | first8 = M. | title = Impact of surgical margin status on prostate-cancer-specific mortality. | journal = BJU Int | volume = | issue = | pages = | month = Jul | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11371.x | PMID = 22788795 }}</ref> | ||
====Extraprostatic extension==== | =====Extraprostatic extension===== | ||
:Abbreviated ''EPE''. | :Abbreviated ''EPE''. | ||
*Prostatectomy specimens: EPE is present if there is either: | *Prostatectomy specimens: EPE is present if there is either: | ||