Hürthle cell neoplasm

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Hürthle cell neoplasm is a rare tumour of the thyroid gland that can have a benign or malignant behaviour.

It may be referred to as oncocytic neoplasm.

Hürthle cell carcinoma and Hürthle cell adenoma redirect to here.

General

  • Incidence: uncommon.
  • This is a general category - includes:
    • Hürthle cell adenoma.
    • Hürthle cell carcinoma.
  • Some advocate total thyroidectomy for all Hürthle cell neoplasms, as it is difficult to reliably differentiate adenomas and carcinomas.[1]
  • It can be understood as a special type of follicular neoplasm (including follicular thyroid adenoma and follicular thyroid carcinoma).[2]
  • High stage HCC has a poor prognosis.[3]

Adenoma versus carcinoma

Suggestive for carcinoma:[1]

  • Male.
  • >4 cm.
    • Adenomas usu. <3 cm.

Definite for carcinoma:[1]

  • Lymphovascular invasion.
  • Capsular invasion.

Risk of malignancy by tumour size

Risk of malignancy by size:[4]

Size Percentage malignant
<=1 cm 17%
1-4 cm 23% malignant
>4 cm 65%

Gross

  • Yellow.
  • Encapsulated.

Microscopic

Features:[2]

  • Oncocytes >= 75% of cells:
    • Abundant granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm.
    • Round regular nucleus +/- prominent nucleolus.
  • +/-Degenerative changes.

Negatives:

DDx:[5]

  • Papillary thyroid carcinoma oncocytic variant.
  • Medullary thyroid carcinoma oncocytic variant.
  • Others.

IHC

Features:

  • TTF-1 +ve (2 of 6 cases in Bejarno et al.,[6] or 6 of 6 cases in Choi et al.[7]).
  • Thyroglobulin (6 of 6 cases[6]).
  • CK7 (4 of 6 cases[6]).
  • HBME-1 +ve (focal in 4 of 6 cases[7]).
  • HCK -ve (6 of 6 cases[7]).
  • CK19 +ve (focal in 4 of 6 cases[7]).

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Wasvary, H.; Czako, P.; Poulik, J.; Lucas, R. (Aug 1998). "Unilateral lobectomy for Hurthle cell adenoma.". Am Surg 64 (8): 729-32; discussion 732-3. PMID 9697901.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Thompson, Lester D. R. (2006). Endocrine Pathology: A Volume in Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology Series (1st ed.). Churchill Livingstone. pp. 104. ISBN 978-0443066856.
  3. ↑ Chindris, AM.; Casler, JD.; Bernet, VJ.; Rivera, M.; Thomas, C.; Kachergus, JM.; Necela, BM.; Hay, ID. et al. (Jan 2015). "Clinical and molecular features of Hürthle cell carcinoma of the thyroid.". J Clin Endocrinol Metab 100 (1): 55-62. doi:10.1210/jc.2014-1634. PMID 25259908.
  4. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named pmid9563543
  5. ↑ Montone KT, Baloch ZW, LiVolsi VA (August 2008). "The thyroid Hürthle (oncocytic) cell and its associated pathologic conditions: a surgical pathology and cytopathology review". Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 132 (8): 1241–50. PMID 18684023.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Bejarano, PA.; Nikiforov, YE.; Swenson, ES.; Biddinger, PW. (Sep 2000). "Thyroid transcription factor-1, thyroglobulin, cytokeratin 7, and cytokeratin 20 in thyroid neoplasms.". Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 8 (3): 189-94. PMID 10981870.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Choi, YL.; Kim, MK.; Suh, JW.; Han, J.; Kim, JH.; Yang, JH.; Nam, SJ. (Oct 2005). "Immunoexpression of HBME-1, high molecular weight cytokeratin, cytokeratin 19, thyroid transcription factor-1, and E-cadherin in thyroid carcinomas.". J Korean Med Sci 20 (5): 853-9. PMID 16224162.
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