Dyspnea

Dyspnea is shortness of breath.

It is seen in many contexts.

Causes

An incomplete list of causes is below.

Cardiac

• Congestive heart failure.
• Calcific aortic stenosis.

Pulmonary

• Pulmonary embolism.
• Interstitial lung disease.
• Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.
• Lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
• Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis.

See also

• Cardiovascular pathology.
• Pulmonary pathology.