Pilomatricoma
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Pilomatricoma is a benign skin lesion that is common in childhood. It may be spelled pilomatrixoma.
| Pilomatricoma | |
|---|---|
| Diagnosis in short | |
 Pilomatricoma. H&E stain. | |
|
| |
| LM | "ghost" cells, foreign body-type giant cells |
| LM DDx | squamous cell carcinoma, pilomatrix carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, epidermal inclusion cyst |
| Site | skin |
|
| |
| Signs | hard nodule |
| Symptoms | +/-painful |
| Prognosis | benign |
It is also known as calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe.[1]
General
- Benign skin tumour.
- Most common solid skin tumour of children.[2]
- CTNNB1 gene mutation important in pathogenesis.[3]
Clinical:
- Hard nodule - calcification.
- +/-Painful.
Treatment:
- Surgical excision.[2]
Microscopic
Features:[4]
- Nodular circumscribed lower dermis/subcutaneous adipose lesion; thus, usu. surrounded by connective tissue.
- Sharpy demarcated island of cells.
- Calcification in 75%.
- Cells:[5]
- Basaloid epithelial cells - have prominent nucleoli.
- Anucleate squamous cells ("ghost cells").
- Giant cell foreign body type granulomas (form in reaction to keratin).
Notes:
- Keratin a prominent feature on cytology - lots of orange stuff.
- May ossify.
DDx:
- Epidermal inclusion cyst.
- Pilomatrix carcinoma - invasive border, cytologic atypia, necrosis.[6]
- Squamous cell carcinoma.
- Basal cell carcinoma.
Images
Pilomatrixoma - high mag. (WC/Nephron)
Pilomatrixoma - intermed. mag. (WC/Nephron)
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SKIN LESION, RIGHT ARM, EXCISION: - PILOMATRICOMA.
Micro
The sections show anucleate squamous cells ("ghost cells") and multinucleated giant cells. No calcification is present.
No significant nuclear atypia is present. No mitotic activity is apparent.
There is also mildly inflamed fibroadipose tissue and some benign squamous mucosa.
See also
References
- ↑ Busam, Klaus J. (2009). Dermatopathology: A Volume in the Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology Series (1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 387. ISBN 978-0443066542.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1058965-overview. Accessed on: 10 September 2011. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "emed1058965" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 597. ISBN 978-1416054542.
- ↑ URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1058965-diagnosis. Accessed on: 10 September 2011.
- ↑ http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/HPI/CE/cytotechnology/cytosleuthquiz/nongyne/ngcase02d.htm
- ↑ Busam, Klaus J. (2009). Dermatopathology: A Volume in the Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology Series (1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 389. ISBN 978-0443066542.