Thyroid cancer staging

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Thyroid cancer staging is done with the TNM staging system.

TNM staging system

Tumour stage not including anaplastic carcinoma

T stage Size/criteria Other requirements Comment
pT1a 1 cm or less limited to thyroid very common
pT1b >1 cm and <=2 cm limited to thyroid
pT2 >2 cm and <=4 cm limited to thyroid
pT3 >4 cm and limited to thyroid or "minimal" extrathyroidal extension "minimal" extrathyroidal extension = sternothyroid m. or perithyroidal tissue
pT4a any size any of the following: subcutaneous tissue, trachea, esophagus, larynx, recurrent laryngeal nerve
pT4b any size any of the following: mediastinal vessels, encasing carotid artery, prevertebral fascia

Lymph nodes

N stage Criteria Comment
pN0 negative for lymph node metastasis
pN1a metastasis to level VI level VI = pretracheal, paratracheal, prelaryngeal/Delphian, perithyroidal
pN1b metastasis to level I, II, III, IV, V, or retropharyngeal, mediastinal lymph nodes (VII)


Note:

  • Level VI = central neck dissection.

See also