Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase
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| Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | |
|---|---|
| Immunostain in short | |
 AMACR positivity in ASAP. CK5/6-AMACR immunostain | |
| Abbreviation | AMACR |
| Synonyms | racemase |
| Subspeciality | genitourinary pathology |
| Normal staining pattern | cytoplasmic |
| Positive | prostate carcinoma ~90%, high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, urothelial carcinoma ~50%, papillary renal cell carcinoma |
| Negative | clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma (clear cell tubulopapillary RCC) |
Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase, abbreviated AMACR, is a commonly used immunostain in genitourinary pathology.
General
AMACR converts testosterone to hydrotestosterone.[1]
Positive
- Prostate adenocarcinoma.[2]
- Papillary renal cell carcinoma.[3]
- High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.
Positive or negative
- Nephrogenic adenoma.
- Urothelial carcinoma - not useful for prostate versus bladder; it is positive in ~50% of UCC.[4]
Negative
See also
References
- ↑ Cai, LQ.; Zhu, YS.; Katz, MD.; Herrera, C.; Baéz, J.; DeFillo-Ricart, M.; Shackleton, CH.; Imperato-McGinley, J. (May 1996). "5 alpha-reductase-2 gene mutations in the Dominican Republic.". J Clin Endocrinol Metab 81 (5): 1730-5. doi:10.1210/jcem.81.5.8626825. PMID 8626825.
- ↑ Lloyd, MD.; Yevglevskis, M.; Lee, GL.; Wood, PJ.; Threadgill, MD.; Woodman, TJ. (Apr 2013). "α-Methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR): metabolic enzyme, drug metabolizer and cancer marker P504S.". Prog Lipid Res 52 (2): 220-30. doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2013.01.001. PMID 23376124.
- ↑ Molinié, V.; Balaton, A.; Rotman, S.; Mansouri, D.; De Pinieux, I.; Homsi, T.; Guillou, L. (Jun 2006). "Alpha-methyl CoA racemase expression in renal cell carcinomas.". Hum Pathol 37 (6): 698-703. doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2006.01.012. PMID 16733210.
- ↑ Langner, C.; Rupar, G.; Leibl, S.; Hutterer, G.; Chromecki, T.; Hoefler, G.; Rehak, P.; Zigeuner, R. (Mar 2006). "Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR/P504S) protein expression in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract correlates with tumour progression.". Virchows Arch 448 (3): 325-30. doi:10.1007/s00428-005-0129-6. PMID 16315020.