Metastases

Metastases are usually an ominous finding. They are not always obvious when in encounter; thus, they should be considered with every diagnosis of a malignant tumour.

Special types

In-transit metastasis

Definition - the separate tumour nodule must be:

1. >2 cm from the primary tumour.
2. Arises between the nearest (regional) lymph nodes and the primary tumour.
   • The tumour presumably arises from a lymphatic that drains the tissue in which the primary tumour grew.

Notes:

• It is called "in-tranist", as it happens while the tumour is on the way to the regional lymph node.
• In-transit metastases are seen in malignant melanoma, merkel cell carcinoma.
• If a separate tumour nodule <= 2 cm from the primary tumour, it is known as satellitosis.

Specific sites

Internal organs

• Liver metastasis.

Lymph node

Main article: Lymph node metastasis

Specific tumours

Melanoma

Main article: Metastatic melanoma

Osteosarcoma

Main article: Osteosarcoma

• Giant cells.

Sign out

This depends somewhat on the tumour. A synoptic is not done. Margin status should be commented on. A morphologic description is useful if a subsequent resection is done.

SMALL BOWEL, RESECTION:
- METASTATIC ADENOCARCINOMA, SEE COMMENT.
- SURGICAL MARGINS NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.

COMMENT:
The tumour is found only on the outer aspect of the bowel wall; the bowel mucosa is
not involved.

The tumour consists of glands with cuboidal tumour cells that have a moderate quantity of
pale cytoplasm, and round nuclei. The tumour is moderately differentiated.

See also

• Cancer.
• Basics.