Difference between revisions of "Pericardium"
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===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*Uncommon. | *Uncommon. | ||
Etiologies of pericarditis:<ref name=pmid22723538/> | |||
*Infectious: | |||
**Fungal. | |||
**Bacterial. | |||
*Idiopathic - most common. | |||
*Neoplastic. | |||
*Autoimmune, e.g. [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]. | |||
*Uremia - [[chronic renal failure]]. | |||
*Traumatic - post-surgical. | |||
*Associated with [[myocardial infarction]] - [[Dressler's syndrome]]. | |||
===Gross=== | |||
Features:<ref name=pmid22723538>{{cite journal |author=Peebles CR, Shambrook JS, Harden SP |title=Pericardial disease--anatomy and function |journal=Br J Radiol |volume=84 Spec No 3 |issue= |pages=S324–37 |year=2011 |month=December |pmid=22723538 |pmc=3473919 |doi=10.1259/bjr/16168253 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Thickening. | |||
*+/-Pericardial [[effusion]]. | |||
Notes: | |||
*Normal pericardial fluid volume 5-35 mL.<ref name=pmid22723538/> | |||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Revision as of 18:04, 12 June 2014
Pericardium is a specimen that uncommonly comes to pathology.
Pathologies of the pericardium
Benign
- Idiopathic pericarditis - common.[1]
- Infectious pericarditis - post-procedural.
- Fibrinous pericarditis.
- Pericardial cyst.
- Rare 1 in 100,000
- Typical location: right cardiophrenic angle.[2]
Malignant
Related pathologies
- Pericardial effusion.
- Hemopericardium.
- Cardiac tamponade.
Specific entities
Idiopathic pericarditis
General
- Uncommon.
Etiologies of pericarditis:[2]
- Infectious:
- Fungal.
- Bacterial.
- Idiopathic - most common.
- Neoplastic.
- Autoimmune, e.g. systemic lupus erythematosus.
- Uremia - chronic renal failure.
- Traumatic - post-surgical.
- Associated with myocardial infarction - Dressler's syndrome.
Gross
Features:[2]
- Thickening.
- +/-Pericardial effusion.
Notes:
- Normal pericardial fluid volume 5-35 mL.[2]
Microscopic
Features:
- Inflammatory cells:
- Neutrophils.
- Lymphocytes.
- Plasma cells.
- +/-Hemosiderin-laden macrophages.
DDx:
- Infectious pericarditis.
- Malignant mesothelioma.[1]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Smets P, Guettrot-Imbert G, Hermet M, et al. (September 2013). "[Recurrent pericarditis related to primary pericardial malignant mesothelioma]" (in French). Rev Med Interne 34 (9): 573–6. doi:10.1016/j.revmed.2013.04.021. PMID 23773902.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Peebles CR, Shambrook JS, Harden SP (December 2011). "Pericardial disease--anatomy and function". Br J Radiol 84 Spec No 3: S324–37. doi:10.1259/bjr/16168253. PMC 3473919. PMID 22723538. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3473919/.