Difference between revisions of "Kidney"
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=Developmental= | =Developmental= | ||
==Horseshoe kidney== | |||
===General=== | |||
*Anatomical variant. | |||
*Prevalence ~1 in 500.<ref name=Ref_Klatt233>{{Ref Klatt|233}}</ref> | |||
===Gross=== | |||
*The inferior poles of the kidneys are joined with one another - have the shape of a horseshoe. | |||
Image: | |||
*[http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/RENAHTML/RENAL004.html Horseshoe kidney (utah.edu)]. | |||
==Multicystic renal dysplasia== | ==Multicystic renal dysplasia== | ||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
Revision as of 03:19, 6 May 2012
The kidney is an important organ in the abdomen that does the following:
- Water balance & blood pressure regulation,
- Acid-base balance,
- Removes toxins/cleans the blood, and
- Produces hormones (e.g. erythropoietin).
Tumours
Main article: Kidney tumours
This is mostly the domain of urology.
This article cover the common renal tumours:
- [[Renal cell carcinoma].
- Oncocytoma.
- Most other tumours... except urothelial tumours are dealt with in the urothelium article.
Pediatric tumours are covered in pediatric kidney tumours.
Medical kidney diseases
Main article: Medical kidney diseases
This is almost a specialty for itself. Lots of interaction with nephrologists.
Developmental
Horseshoe kidney
General
- Anatomical variant.
- Prevalence ~1 in 500.[1]
Gross
- The inferior poles of the kidneys are joined with one another - have the shape of a horseshoe.
Image:
Multicystic renal dysplasia
General
Microscopic
Features:
- Cysts.
- Abnormal stroma.
Renal medullary dysplasia
General
- Associated with:
- Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.[3]
- Placental insufficiency.[4]
Microscopic
Features:[3]
- Widely spaced tubules in the medulla of the kidney.
See also
References
- ↑ Klatt, Edward C. (2006). Robbins and Cotran Atlas of Pathology (1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 233. ISBN 978-1416002741.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/982560-overview. Accessed on: 4 January 2012.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Dotto, J.; Reyes-Múgica, M. (Jan 2007). "Renal medullary dysplasia is diagnostic of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.". Int J Surg Pathol 15 (1): 60-1. doi:10.1177/1066896906295685. PMID 17172498.
- ↑ Sparrow, DB.; Boyle, SC.; Sams, RS.; Mazuruk, B.; Zhang, L.; Moeckel, GW.; Dunwoodie, SL.; de Caestecker, MP. (Apr 2009). "Placental insufficiency associated with loss of Cited1 causes renal medullary dysplasia.". J Am Soc Nephrol 20 (4): 777-86. doi:10.1681/ASN.2008050547. PMID 19297558.