Difference between revisions of "Cardiac tumours"
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==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Heart]] | *[[Heart]]. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:57, 13 May 2010
Cardiac tumours are rare buggers.
Common heart tumours
- Approximately 10% of resected (primary) cardiac tumours are malignant.[1]
- 90% are sarcomas.
- 10% are lymphomas.
In order of frequency:
- Myxoma.
- Lipoma.
- Papillary fibroelastoma.
Notes:
- If one is considering only valves - papillary fibroelastoma is No. 1.
Myxoma
General
- Rare.
- Clinical: may lead to cerebral infarction.[2]
- Diagnosed by imaging.
Most common presentations:[2]
- Dyspnea - 45%.
- Neurologic symptoms 36%.
Gross
Location:[2]
- Usually atrial.
- Usually left side.
Features:[3]
- Lobular surface.
- Smooth surface.
Histology
Features:[3]
- Myxoid material - extra cellular (???) - key feature.
- Calcified elastic fibers - gamna bodies.
- Hemorrhage common.
- Often covered by endothelium.
Images:
- Atrial myxoma (wikimedia.org).
- Atrial myxoma - endothelial covering (wikimedia.org).
- Atrial myxoma - sharp border (wikimedia.org).
Rhabdomyoma
- Very rare.
- Malignant.
Lipoma
- Like lipomas elsewhere in the body.
Metastasis
- Should be on the list.
Fibroelastoma
General
- AKA papillary fibroelastoma.
- Usually an incidental finding.
Microscopic
Features:[4]
- Braching papillary fronds which are:
- Composed of collagen, and
- Avascular.
- +/-Elastic tissue.
- Surrounded by:
- Endothelium, and
- Mucopolysaccharide.
Micrographs:
- Papillary fibroelastoma - low magnification (commons.wikimedia.org).
- Papillary fibroelastoma - intermediate magnification (commons.wikimedia.org).
Gross
- Friable appearing.
- Yellow.
- Typically on free edge.
See also
References
- ↑ Burke A (February 2008). "Primary malignant cardiac tumors". Semin Diagn Pathol 25 (1): 39-46. PMID 18350921.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Knepper LE, Biller J, Adams HP, Bruno A (November 1988). "Neurologic manifestations of atrial myxoma. A 12-year experience and review". Stroke 19 (11): 1435-40. PMID 3188128. http://stroke.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/19/11/1435.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Grebenc ML, Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Green CE, Burke AP, Galvin JR (2002). "Cardiac myxoma: imaging features in 83 patients". Radiographics 22 (3): 673-89. PMID 12006696. http://radiographics.rsna.org/content/22/3/673.long.
- ↑ http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/hearttumor.html