Difference between revisions of "Neuropathology tumours"

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Neuropathology tumours (view source)

Revision as of 13:39, 13 October 2015

1,072 bytes added ,  13:39, 13 October 2015
sort + update ganglioglioma (needs split out in future)
(→‎Infiltrative astrocytomas: All tumours listed in WHO 2007 category as astrocytoma)
(sort + update ganglioglioma (needs split out in future))
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==Pilocytic astrocytoma==
==Pilocytic astrocytoma==
{{Main|Pilocytic astrocytoma}}
{{Main|Pilocytic astrocytoma}}
==Pilomyxoid astrocytoma==
{{Main|Pilomyxoid astrocytoma}}


==Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma==
==Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma==
*Abbreviated ''PXA''.
*Abbreviated ''PXA''.
{{Main|Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma}}
{{Main|Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma}}
==Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour==
*Abbreviated ''DNT''.
{{Main|Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour}}


==Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma==
==Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma==
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{{Main|Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma}}
{{Main|Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma}}


==Pilomyxoid astrocytoma==
==Oligoastrocytoma==
{{Main|Pilomyxoid astrocytoma}}
{{Main|Oligoastrocytoma}}
 
==Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour==
:See also: ''[[Extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumour]]''.
*Commonly abbreviated ''AT/RT''.
*May be written ''atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumour'', i.e. without the forward slash, or ''atypical teratoid-rhabdoid tumour'' (AT-RT).
{{Main|Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour}}


==Oligodendroglioma==
==Oligodendroglioma==
{{Main|Oligodendroglioma}}
{{Main|Oligodendroglioma}}


==Oligoastrocytoma==
==Subependymoma==
{{Main|Oligoastrocytoma}}
{{Main|Subependymoma}}
 
==Meningioma==
{{Main|Meningioma}}
 
==Peripheral nerve sheath tumours==
{{Main|Peripheral nerve sheath tumours}}
A classification:<ref name=pmid17893219>{{cite journal |author=Wippold FJ, Lubner M, Perrin RJ, Lämmle M, Perry A |title=Neuropathology for the neuroradiologist: Antoni A and Antoni B tissue patterns |journal=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol |volume=28 |issue=9 |pages=1633–8 |year=2007 |month=October |pmid=17893219 |doi=10.3174/ajnr.A0682 |url=http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/reprint/28/9/1633}}</ref>
*Benign:
**[[Schwannoma]].
**[[Neurofibroma]].
**[[Perineurioma]].
**[[Traumatic neuroma]].
*Malignant:
**[[Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour]] (MPNST).
 
==Schwannoma==
{{Main|Schwannoma}}


==Neurofibroma==
==Myxopapillary Ependymoma==
{{Main|Neurofibroma}}
{{Main|Myxopapillary Ependymoma}}
 
==Ganglioneuroma==
:'''Not''' to be confused with ''[[ganglioglioma]]''.
*[[AKA]] ganglioma.<ref>URL: [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ganglioma http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ganglioma]. Accessed on: 8 November 2010.</ref>
{{Main|Ganglioneuroma}}


==Ependymoma==
==Ependymoma==
{{Main|Ependymoma}}
{{Main|Ependymoma}}
==Subependymoma==
{{Main|Subependymoma}}


==Choroid plexus papilloma==
==Choroid plexus papilloma==
*Grade I WHO or Grade II WHO (atypical CPP)
{{Main|Choroid plexus papilloma}}
{{Main|Choroid plexus papilloma}}


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{{Main|Choroid plexus carcinoma}}
{{Main|Choroid plexus carcinoma}}


==Chordoma==
==Angiocentric glioma==
{{Main|Chordoma}}
*Grade I WHO neuroepithelial tumour.
{{Main|Angiocentric glioma}}
 
==Chordoid glioma of the 3rd ventricle==
* WHO grade II.
* Slowly growing, non-invasive.
* Clusters of epithelioid cells in mucinous stroma.
* Lymphocytic infiltrates, adjacent Rosenthal fibers.
* Few mitoses.
* GFAP+ve,  MIB-1 1-3%.
 
==Gangliocytoma==
* Grade I WHO neuronal tumour.
** ICD-O code: 9492/0
* Groups of irregular large neurons.
* Non-neoplastic, reticulin-rich glial stroma.
 
==Ganglioglioma==
:'''Not''' to be confused with ''[[ganglioneuroma]]''.
===General===
*Grade I WHO mixed neuronal-glial tumour.
*ICD-O code: 9505/1 (Anaplastic ganglioglioma: 9505/3)
*Rare.
*Usu. temporal lobe.
*Recognized as a cause of [[epilepsy]].<ref name=pmid12125968>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Im | first1 = SH. | last2 = Chung | first2 = CK. | last3 = Cho | first3 = BK. | last4 = Lee | first4 = SK. | title = Supratentorial ganglioglioma and epilepsy: postoperative seizure outcome. | journal = J Neurooncol | volume = 57 | issue = 1 | pages = 59-66 | month = Mar | year = 2002 | doi =  | PMID = 12125968 }}</ref>
 
===Microscopic===
Features:
*Dysplastic neurons.
**Out of regular architecture / abnormal location.
**Cytomegaly
**Clustering
**Binucleated (very occassionally).
*Atypical glia.
*Calcification.
*Lymphocytic cuffing.
Anaplastic ganglioglioma:
*Brisk mitotic activity
*Necrosis
 
===IHC===
*Neurons:
**[[MAP2]] +ve
**Synaptophysin +ve
** Neurofilament +ve
*Glia:
**CD34+/-ve
 
===DDx:===
*[[DNT]].
*[[Oligodendroglioma]].
*Trapped cortical neurons in diffuse astrocytoma.
 
===Images===
<gallery>
File:Ganglioglioma lymphocytic cuffing PAS.jpg | Lymphocytic cuffing in ganglioglioma (WC/jensflorian)
File:Ganglioglioma calcification.jpg | Calcification in ganglioglioma (WC/jensflorian)
File:Ganglioglioma Cd34 x200.jpg | CD34 immunostain in ganglioglioma (WC/jensflorian)
</gallery>
*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case142.html Ganglioglioma - case 1 (upmc.edu)].
*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case282.html Ganglioglioma - case 2 (upmc.edu)].
 
==Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour==
*Abbreviated ''DNT''.
{{Main|Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour}}
 


==Hemangioblastoma==
==Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour==
{{Main|Hemangioblastoma}}
:See also: ''[[Extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumour]]''.
*Commonly abbreviated ''AT/RT''.
*May be written ''atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumour'', i.e. without the forward slash, or ''atypical teratoid-rhabdoid tumour'' (AT-RT).
{{Main|Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour}}


==Medulloblastoma==
==Medulloblastoma==
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</gallery>
</gallery>


==Chordoid glioma of the 3rd ventricle==
* WHO grade II.
* Slowly growing, non-invasive.
* Clusters of epithelioid cells in mucinous stroma.
* Lymphocytic infiltrates, adjacent Rosenthal fibers.
* Few mitoses.
* GFAP+ve,  MIB-1 1-3%.


==Angiocentric glioma==
==Meningioma==
*Grade I WHO neuroepithelial tumor.
{{Main|Meningioma}}
{{Main|Angiocentric glioma}}
 
==Peripheral nerve sheath tumours==
{{Main|Peripheral nerve sheath tumours}}
A classification:<ref name=pmid17893219>{{cite journal |author=Wippold FJ, Lubner M, Perrin RJ, Lämmle M, Perry A |title=Neuropathology for the neuroradiologist: Antoni A and Antoni B tissue patterns |journal=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol |volume=28 |issue=9 |pages=1633–8 |year=2007 |month=October |pmid=17893219 |doi=10.3174/ajnr.A0682 |url=http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/reprint/28/9/1633}}</ref>
*Benign:
**[[Schwannoma]].
**[[Neurofibroma]].
**[[Perineurioma]].
**[[Traumatic neuroma]].
*Malignant:
**[[Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour]] (MPNST).
 
==Schwannoma==
{{Main|Schwannoma}}
 
==Neurofibroma==
{{Main|Neurofibroma}}
 
==Ganglioneuroma==
:'''Not''' to be confused with ''[[ganglioglioma]]''.
*[[AKA]] ganglioma.<ref>URL: [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ganglioma http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ganglioma]. Accessed on: 8 November 2010.</ref>
{{Main|Ganglioneuroma}}
 
==Chordoma==
{{Main|Chordoma}}
 
==Hemangioblastoma==
{{Main|Hemangioblastoma}}


==CNS lymphoma==
==CNS lymphoma==
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{{Main|Central neurocytoma}}
{{Main|Central neurocytoma}}


==Ganglioglioma==
:'''Not''' to be confused with ''[[ganglioneuroma]]''.
===General===
*Rare.
*Usu. temporal lobe.
*Recognized as a cause of [[epilepsy]].<ref name=pmid12125968>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Im | first1 = SH. | last2 = Chung | first2 = CK. | last3 = Cho | first3 = BK. | last4 = Lee | first4 = SK. | title = Supratentorial ganglioglioma and epilepsy: postoperative seizure outcome. | journal = J Neurooncol | volume = 57 | issue = 1 | pages = 59-66 | month = Mar | year = 2002 | doi =  | PMID = 12125968 }}</ref>
===Microscopic===
Features:
*Atypical neurons.
*Atypical glia.
Images:
*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case142.html Ganglioglioma - case 1 (upmc.edu)].
*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case282.html Ganglioglioma - case 2 (upmc.edu)].


==Lhermitte-Duclos disease==
==Lhermitte-Duclos disease==
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