Difference between revisions of "Glioma"

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Gliomas are named according to the specific type of cell with which they share histological features, but not necessarily from which they originate. The main types of gliomas are:

* [[Ependymoma]]s—ependymal cells

* [[Astrocytoma]]s—[[astrocyte]]s ([[glioblastoma multiforme]] is a malignant astrocytoma and the most common primary brain tumor among adults).

* [[Oligodendroglioma]]s—[[oligodendrocyte]]s

* Mixed gliomas, such as [[oligoastrocytoma]]s, contain cells ~~from~~ different ~~types of glia~~

* [[Ependymoma]]s—ependymal cells

* Mixed gliomas, such as [[oligoastrocytoma]]s, contain cells with different morphologies

**Molecular analysis allows the tumor in most cases assigned to astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma.

Note:

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*The infratentorial is below the tentorium, in the cerebellum, and mostly found in children (70%).

*The pontine is located in the pons of the brainstem. The brainstem has three parts (pons, midbrain, and medulla); the pons controls critical functions such as breathing, making surgery on these extremely dangerous.

==Table of common gliomas==

Histomorphologic comparison of common gliomas:

{| class="wikitable"

|'''Entity''' || '''Rosenthal <br>fibres / EGBs''' ||'''Nuclear atypia''' ||'''Mitoses''' || '''Necrosis or MVP''' || '''Infiltrative''' || '''Image'''

|-

|[[Pilocytic astrocytoma]] || yes || usu. no || usu. no || usu. no || no || [[Image:Rosenthal_HE_40x.jpg|thumb|150px]]

|-

|[[Diffuse astrocytoma]] || no || yes || no || no || yes || [[File:Astrocytoma_whoII_HE.jpg|thumb|150px]]

|-

|[[Anaplastic astrocytoma]] || no || yes || yes || no || yes || [[Image:Anaplastic_astrocytoma_-_high_mag.jpg|thumb|150px]]

|-

|[[Glioblastoma]] || no || yes || yes || yes || yes || [[Image:Glioblastoma_-_high_mag.jpg|thumb|150px]]

|-

|[[Oligodendroglioma]] || no || usu. no || yes || no || yes || [[Image:Oligodendroglioma1_low_mag.jpg|thumb|150px]]

|-

|[[Ependymoma]] || no || usu. no || usu. no || usu. no || discrete || [[Image:|thumb|150px]]

|}

Notes:

*''MVP'' = microvascular proliferation.

*''EGBs'' = eosinophilic granular bodies.

==Frequency==

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** astrocytoma grade II 9%

** anaplastic astrocytoma grade III 6.1%

** ~~ependymomas~~ 6.8%

** ependymoma 6.8%

** ~~oligodendrogliomas~~ grade II 5.9%

** oligodendroglioma grade II 5.9%

** pilocytic astrocytoma 5.9%

** anaplastic ~~oligodendrogliomas~~ grade III ~~3.3%~~

** anaplastic oligodendroglioma grade III 3.3%

** oligoastrocytomas 3.3%

** not further specified 8.4%

*Children:

** pilocytic astrocytoma 33.8%

** malignant glioma, NOS 25.7%

** ~~ependymomas~~ 11.4%

** ependymoma 11.4%

** astroyctoma grade II 11.1%

** glioblastoma 6.3%

** oligodendroglioma~~/oligoastrocytoma~~ 3.9%

** oligodendroglioma 3.9%

** anaplastic astrocytoma grade III 3.6%

** not further specified 4.2%

Difference between revisions of "Glioma"

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@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 Gliomas are named according to the specific type of cell with which they share histological features, but not necessarily from which they originate. The main types of gliomas are:
-* [[Ependymoma]]s—ependymal cells
 * [[Astrocytoma]]s—[[astrocyte]]s ([[glioblastoma multiforme]] is a malignant astrocytoma and the most common primary brain tumor among adults).
 * [[Oligodendroglioma]]s—[[oligodendrocyte]]s
-* Mixed gliomas, such as [[oligoastrocytoma]]s, contain cells from different types of glia
+* [[Ependymoma]]s—ependymal cells
+* Mixed gliomas, such as [[oligoastrocytoma]]s, contain cells with different morphologies
+**Molecular analysis allows the tumor in most cases assigned to astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma.
 Note:
@@ Line 31: / Line 32: @@
 *The infratentorial is below the tentorium, in the cerebellum, and mostly found in children (70%).
 *The pontine is located in the pons of the brainstem. The brainstem has three parts (pons, midbrain, and medulla); the pons controls critical functions such as breathing, making surgery on these extremely dangerous.
+==Table of common gliomas==
+Histomorphologic comparison of common gliomas:
+{| class="wikitable"
+|'''Entity'''	 || '''Rosenthal <br>fibres / EGBs''' ||'''Nuclear atypia''' ||'''Mitoses''' || '''Necrosis or MVP''' || '''Infiltrative''' || '''Image'''
+|-
+|[[Pilocytic astrocytoma]]	 || yes || usu. no || usu. no || usu. no || no || [[Image:Rosenthal_HE_40x.jpg|thumb|150px]]
+|-
+|[[Diffuse astrocytoma]]	 || no || yes || no || no || yes || [[File:Astrocytoma_whoII_HE.jpg|thumb|150px]]
+|-
+|[[Anaplastic astrocytoma]] || no || yes || yes || no || yes || [[Image:Anaplastic_astrocytoma_-_high_mag.jpg|thumb|150px]]
+|-
+|[[Glioblastoma]]	 || no || yes || yes || yes || yes || [[Image:Glioblastoma_-_high_mag.jpg|thumb|150px]]
+|-
+|[[Oligodendroglioma]]	 || no || usu. no || yes || no || yes || [[Image:Oligodendroglioma1_low_mag.jpg|thumb|150px]]
+|-
+|[[Ependymoma]]	 || no || usu. no || usu. no || usu. no || discrete || [[Image:|thumb|150px]]
+|}
+Notes:
+*''MVP'' = microvascular proliferation.
+*''EGBs'' = eosinophilic granular bodies.
 ==Frequency==
@@ Line 38: / Line 61: @@
 ** astrocytoma grade II 9%
 ** anaplastic astrocytoma grade III 6.1%
-** ependymomas 6.8%
+** ependymoma 6.8%
-** oligodendrogliomas grade II 5.9%
+** oligodendroglioma grade II 5.9%
 ** pilocytic astrocytoma 5.9%
-** anaplastic oligodendrogliomas grade III 3.3%
+** anaplastic oligodendroglioma grade III 3.3%
-** oligoastrocytomas 3.3%
 ** not further specified 8.4%
 *Children:
 ** pilocytic astrocytoma 33.8%
 ** malignant glioma, NOS 25.7%
-** ependymomas 11.4%
+** ependymoma 11.4%
 ** astroyctoma grade II 11.1%
 ** glioblastoma 6.3%
-** oligodendroglioma/oligoastrocytoma  3.9%
+** oligodendroglioma  3.9%
 ** anaplastic astrocytoma grade III 3.6%
 ** not further specified 4.2%