Difference between revisions of "Kidney cancer staging"
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==TNM staging system== | ==TNM staging system== | ||
===Tumour stage=== | ===Tumour stage=== | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
! Stage | |||
! Characteristics | |||
! Comments | |||
|- | |||
| T1a | |||
| <=4 cm, confined to kidney | |||
| common | |||
|- | |||
| T1b | |||
| >4 cm, confined to kidney | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| T2 | |||
| >7 cm, confined to kidney | |||
| rare - most large tumours are T3a | |||
|- | |||
| T3a | |||
| any size with sinus invasion (see below) or perinephric invasion | |||
| very common | |||
|- | |||
| T3b | |||
| tumour in a caval thrombus below the diaphragm without invasion or adherence to the wall of the cava | |||
| uncommon | |||
|- | |||
| T3c | |||
| tumour in a caval thrombus above the diaphgram or with invasion or adherence to the wall of the cava | |||
| uncommon | |||
|- | |||
| T4 | |||
| direct invasion into the [[adrenal gland]] or extension beyond Gerota's fascia | |||
| discontinuous spread into the adrenal gland is a M1, extension beyond Gerota's fascia is rare | |||
|} | |||
Note: | |||
*T2 is formally split into T2a (>7 cm and <=10 cm) and T2b (>10 cm); however, this subdivision does not appear to have prognostic valve. | |||
====Renal sinus invasion==== | ====Renal sinus invasion==== | ||