Difference between revisions of "CSF cytopathology"
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*[http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/174/12/1710-a Mollaret cells (cmaj.ca)]. | *[http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/174/12/1710-a Mollaret cells (cmaj.ca)]. | ||
==CNS lymphoma== | ==Meningeosis neoplastica== | ||
===CNS lymphoma=== | |||
Histology:<ref name=Ref_APBR681>{{Ref APBR|681 (Q25)}}</ref> | Histology:<ref name=Ref_APBR681>{{Ref APBR|681 (Q25)}}</ref> | ||
*Too many cells - ''key feature''. | *Too many cells - ''key feature''. | ||
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Notes: | Notes: | ||
*Massive karyorrhexis (nuclear fragmentation) is suggestive of lymphoma<ref name=Ref_APBR681>{{Ref APBR|681 (Q25)}}</ref> - not common. | *Massive karyorrhexis (nuclear fragmentation) is suggestive of lymphoma<ref name=Ref_APBR681>{{Ref APBR|681 (Q25)}}</ref> - not common. | ||
<gallery> | |||
File:NHL b-cell meningiosis.jpg | CSF cytology of a diffuse large B-cell non hodgkin lymphoma. Atypical cells are larger and have a basophilic cytoplasm (WC/jensflorian). | |||
File:CSF Lymphoma on CSF cytospin cluster of blastoid cells 3.jpg | Blastoid cells in a CNS lympoma (WC/Prof. Erhabor Osaro) | |||
</gallery> | |||
===Meningeosis carcinomatosa=== | |||
Histology: | |||
*abnormal cell size / giant multinuclear cells. | |||
*unusual nuclear/cytoplasm ratio. | |||
*hyperchromatic nuclei. | |||
*prominent nucleoli. | |||
*atypical mitoses. | |||
*cell clustering. | |||
Notes: | |||
*cell count can be normal. | |||
*accompanied by granulocytes and monocytes. | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Meningeosis carcinomatosa.jpg | Lung adenocarcinoma cells in CSF (WC/Marvin101). | |||
File:Leptomeningeal metastasis.jpg | Atypical mitosis in epithelial cells in CSF (WC/jensflorian). | |||
</gallery> | |||
===Non-lymphoid, non-epithelial neoplasm=== | |||
*Non-lymphoid, non-epithelial neoplasms are rarely found in the CSF. | |||
*[[Ependymoma]]s and [[medulloblastoma]]s have a higher rate of dissemination than other primary brain tumors. | |||
Meningeosis gliomatosa ([[Astrocytoma]]/[[Glioblastoma]]): | |||
*May vaguely resemble a neuroendocrine tumour: | |||
**Small cell clusters. | |||
**Nuclear moulding. | |||
**Cells somewhat larger than small cell carcinoma. | |||
**Scant cytoplasm. | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Bild 01Meningeosis gliomatosa 20x GFAP.jpg | GFAP IHC in a CSF specimen highlighting glioma cells (WC/Marvin101). | |||
</gallery> | |||
==CNS fungal infections== | ==CNS fungal infections== | ||
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*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cryptococcosis_of_lung_in_patient_with_AIDS._Mucicarmine_stain_962_lores.jpg Crytococcosis - mucicarmine stain (WC)]. | *[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cryptococcosis_of_lung_in_patient_with_AIDS._Mucicarmine_stain_962_lores.jpg Crytococcosis - mucicarmine stain (WC)]. | ||
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cryptococcosis_of_lung_in_patient_with_AIDS_Methenamine_silver_stain_963_lores.jpg Crytococcosis - methenamine silver stain (WC)]. | *[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cryptococcosis_of_lung_in_patient_with_AIDS_Methenamine_silver_stain_963_lores.jpg Crytococcosis - methenamine silver stain (WC)]. | ||
<gallery> | |||
File:Cryptococcus_neoformans_using_a_light_India_ink_staining_preparation_PHIL_3771_lores.jpg | Ink preparation of Cryptococcosis (CDC/Dr. Leanor Haley) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||