Difference between revisions of "Seminoma"

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It should ''not'' be confused with the unrelated tumour called ''[[spermatocytic seminoma]]''.
It should ''not'' be confused with the unrelated tumour called ''[[spermatocytic seminoma]]''.


===General===
==General==
*Male counterpart of the [[dysgerminoma]], which arise in the [[ovary]].
*Male counterpart of the [[dysgerminoma]], which arise in the [[ovary]].
*Most common [[germ cell tumour]] of the testis.
*Most common [[germ cell tumour]] of the testis.
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*Rarely, it may present a retroperitoneal mass.<ref name=pmid21424055>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Preda | first1 = O. | last2 = Nicolae | first2 = A. | last3 = Loghin | first3 = A. | last4 = Borda | first4 = A. | last5 = Nogales | first5 = FF. | title = Retroperitoneal seminoma as a first manifestation of a partially regressed (burnt-out) testicular germ cell tumor. | journal = Rom J Morphol Embryol | volume = 52 | issue = 1 | pages = 193-6 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi =  | PMID = 21424055 }}</ref>
*Rarely, it may present a retroperitoneal mass.<ref name=pmid21424055>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Preda | first1 = O. | last2 = Nicolae | first2 = A. | last3 = Loghin | first3 = A. | last4 = Borda | first4 = A. | last5 = Nogales | first5 = FF. | title = Retroperitoneal seminoma as a first manifestation of a partially regressed (burnt-out) testicular germ cell tumor. | journal = Rom J Morphol Embryol | volume = 52 | issue = 1 | pages = 193-6 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi =  | PMID = 21424055 }}</ref>


====Epidemiology & etiology====
===Epidemiology & etiology===
*Arises from ''[[intratubular germ cell neoplasia]]'' (ITGCN).
*Arises from ''[[intratubular germ cell neoplasia]]'' (ITGCN).


===Microsopic===
==Microsopic==
Features:
Features:
*Cells with fried egg appearance - '''key feature''':
*Cells with fried egg appearance - '''key feature''':
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*Granulomatous orchitis - if [[granuloma]]s are present.
*Granulomatous orchitis - if [[granuloma]]s are present.


====Images====
===Images===
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Seminoma_high_mag.jpg |Seminoma - high mag. (WC/Nephron)
Image:Seminoma_high_mag.jpg |Seminoma - high mag. (WC/Nephron)
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</gallery>
</gallery>


===IHC===
==IHC==
*D2-40 +ve ~100% of cases.<ref name=pmid17277761>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Lau | first1 = SK. | last2 = Weiss | first2 = LM. | last3 = Chu | first3 = PG. | title = D2-40 immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of seminoma and embryonal carcinoma: a comparative immunohistochemical study with KIT (CD117) and CD30. | journal = Mod Pathol | volume = 20 | issue = 3 | pages = 320-5 | month = Mar | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1038/modpathol.3800749 | PMID = 17277761 }}</ref>
*D2-40 +ve ~100% of cases.<ref name=pmid17277761>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Lau | first1 = SK. | last2 = Weiss | first2 = LM. | last3 = Chu | first3 = PG. | title = D2-40 immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of seminoma and embryonal carcinoma: a comparative immunohistochemical study with KIT (CD117) and CD30. | journal = Mod Pathol | volume = 20 | issue = 3 | pages = 320-5 | month = Mar | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1038/modpathol.3800749 | PMID = 17277761 }}</ref>
*CD117 +ve (ckit) ~92% of cases.<ref name=pmid17277761/>
*CD117 +ve (ckit) ~92% of cases.<ref name=pmid17277761/>
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*OCT3/4 +ve.<ref name=pmid20438407>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Emerson | first1 = RE. | last2 = Ulbright | first2 = TM. | title = Intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis and its associated cancers: the use of novel biomarkers. | journal = Pathology | volume = 42 | issue = 4 | pages = 344-55 | month = Jun | year = 2010 | doi = 10.3109/00313021003767355 | PMID = 20438407 }}</ref>
*OCT3/4 +ve.<ref name=pmid20438407>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Emerson | first1 = RE. | last2 = Ulbright | first2 = TM. | title = Intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis and its associated cancers: the use of novel biomarkers. | journal = Pathology | volume = 42 | issue = 4 | pages = 344-55 | month = Jun | year = 2010 | doi = 10.3109/00313021003767355 | PMID = 20438407 }}</ref>


===Sign out===
==Sign out==
<pre>
<pre>
RETROPERITONEAL SOFT TISSUE, RIGHT, CORE BIOPSY:
RETROPERITONEAL SOFT TISSUE, RIGHT, CORE BIOPSY:
- SEMINOMA.
- SEMINOMA.
</pre>
</pre>
====Micro====
===Micro===
The sections show large atypical, discohesive cells with prominent nucleoli, central
The sections show large atypical, discohesive cells with prominent nucleoli, central
nuclei and moderate clear cytoplasm, intermixed with mature lymphocytes. Mitotic
nuclei and moderate clear cytoplasm, intermixed with mature lymphocytes. Mitotic
activity is present.
activity is present.


====Small biopsy====
===Small biopsy===
A mixed germ cell tumour cannot be excluded; given the small quantity of tumour, this
A mixed germ cell tumour cannot be excluded; given the small quantity of tumour, this
biopsy is at a high risk for having undersampled other tumour components should they be
biopsy is at a high risk for having undersampled other tumour components should they be
present. Correlation with serology and consideration of re-biopsy is suggested.
present. Correlation with serology and consideration of re-biopsy is suggested.


==See also==
==See also==