Difference between revisions of "Heart valves"

Line 204:

====Organisms====

~~Particular organisms are~~ associated with particular clinical scenarios:

Most common organism overall:

*''Staphylococcus aureus''.<ref name=pmid12092480>{{Cite journal | last1 = Petti | first1 = CA. | last2 = Fowler | first2 = VG. | title = Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis. | journal = Infect Dis Clin North Am | volume = 16 | issue = 2 | pages = 413-35, x-xi | month = Jun | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 12092480 }}</ref>

Organisms associated with particular clinical scenarios:

*IV drug users = ''Staphylococcus aureus''.<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_298>{{Ref PCPBoD8|298}}</ref>

*No risk factors/normal valve = ''Streptococcus viridans''.

*Prosthetic valves = ''Staphylococcus epidermidis''.<ref name=pmid19660339>{{Cite journal | last1 = Alonso-Valle | first1 = H. | last2 = Fariñas-Alvarez | first2 = C. | last3 = García-Palomo | first3 = JD. | last4 = Bernal | first4 = JM. | last5 = Martín-Durán | first5 = R. | last6 = Gutiérrez Díez | first6 = JF. | last7 = Revuelta | first7 = JM. | last8 = Fariñas | first8 = MC. | title = Clinical course and predictors of death in prosthetic valve endocarditis over a 20-year period. | journal = J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | volume = 139 | issue = 4 | pages = 887-93 | month = Apr | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.05.042 | PMID = 19660339 }}</ref>

~~Most common organism overall:~~

Organisms that less commonly cause ''IE'' are known as the ''HASEK group'':<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_298>{{Ref PCPBoD8|298}}</ref>

*''~~Staphylococcus aureus~~''.<ref name=~~pmid12092480~~>{{Cite journal | last1 = Petti | first1 = CA. | last2 = Fowler | first2 = VG. | title = Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis. | journal = Infect Dis Clin North Am | volume = 16 | issue = 2 | pages = 413-35, x-xi | ~~month = Jun | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 12092480~~ }}</ref>

~~Less common organisms causing ''IE'' are known as ''HASEK group'':~~

*'''''H'''aemophilus'' (''Haemophilus parainfluenzae'', ''Haemophilus aphrophilus'', ''Haemophilus paraphrophilus'').

*'''''A'''ctinobacillus'' (''Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans'', ''Aggregatibacter aphrophilus''~~<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=16957111 | doi=10.1099/ijs.0~~.~~64207-0}}</ref>'')~~

*'''''A'''ctinobacillus'' (''Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans'', ''Aggregatibacter aphrophilus'').

*'''''C'''ardiobacterium hominis.

*'''''E'''ikenella corrodens''.

*'''''E'''ikenella corrodens''. †

*'''''K'''ingella'' (''Kingella kingae'').

Notes:

* † ''Enterococci'' are not included in this list but are lumped with the ''HACEK organisms''.<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_298>{{Ref PCPBoD8|298}}</ref>

====Clinical====

Difference between revisions of "Heart valves"

Navigation menu

Search

@@ Line 204: / Line 204: @@
 ====Organisms====
-Particular organisms are associated with particular clinical scenarios:
+Most common organism overall:
+*''Staphylococcus aureus''.<ref name=pmid12092480>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Petti | first1 = CA. | last2 = Fowler | first2 = VG. | title = Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis. | journal = Infect Dis Clin North Am | volume = 16 | issue = 2 | pages = 413-35, x-xi | month = Jun | year = 2002 | doi =  | PMID = 12092480 }}</ref>
+Organisms associated with particular clinical scenarios:
 *IV drug users = ''Staphylococcus aureus''.<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_298>{{Ref PCPBoD8|298}}</ref>
 *No risk factors/normal valve = ''Streptococcus viridans''.
 *Prosthetic valves = ''Staphylococcus epidermidis''.<ref name=pmid19660339>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Alonso-Valle | first1 = H. | last2 = Fariñas-Alvarez | first2 = C. | last3 = García-Palomo | first3 = JD. | last4 = Bernal | first4 = JM. | last5 = Martín-Durán | first5 = R. | last6 = Gutiérrez Díez | first6 = JF. | last7 = Revuelta | first7 = JM. | last8 = Fariñas | first8 = MC. | title = Clinical course and predictors of death in prosthetic valve endocarditis over a 20-year period. | journal = J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | volume = 139 | issue = 4 | pages = 887-93 | month = Apr | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.05.042 | PMID = 19660339 }}</ref>
-Most common organism overall:
+Organisms that less commonly cause ''IE'' are known as the ''HASEK group'':<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_298>{{Ref PCPBoD8|298}}</ref>
-*''Staphylococcus aureus''.<ref name=pmid12092480>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Petti | first1 = CA. | last2 = Fowler | first2 = VG. | title = Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis. | journal = Infect Dis Clin North Am | volume = 16 | issue = 2 | pages = 413-35, x-xi | month = Jun | year = 2002 | doi =  | PMID = 12092480 }}</ref>
-Less common organisms causing ''IE'' are known as ''HASEK group'':
 *'''''H'''aemophilus'' (''Haemophilus parainfluenzae'', ''Haemophilus aphrophilus'', ''Haemophilus paraphrophilus'').
-*'''''A'''ctinobacillus'' (''Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans'', ''Aggregatibacter aphrophilus''<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=16957111 | doi=10.1099/ijs.0.64207-0}}</ref>'')
+*'''''A'''ctinobacillus'' (''Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans'', ''Aggregatibacter aphrophilus'').
 *'''''C'''ardiobacterium hominis.
-*'''''E'''ikenella corrodens''.
+*'''''E'''ikenella corrodens''. †
 *'''''K'''ingella'' (''Kingella kingae'').
+Notes:
+* † ''Enterococci'' are not included in this list but are lumped with the ''HACEK organisms''.<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_298>{{Ref PCPBoD8|298}}</ref>
 ====Clinical====