Difference between revisions of "Endometriosis"

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==General==
==General==
Clinical:
===Pathophysiology===
*A cause of infertility.
There are several theories for endometriosis, i.e. how it is that endometrial tissue gets found outside of the uterus:
*Retrograde menstruation - probably the most common.<ref name=pmid3945444/>
*Ectopic endometrial tissue.<ref name=pmid19358700>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Signorile | first1 = PG. | last2 = Baldi | first2 = F. | last3 = Bussani | first3 = R. | last4 = D'Armiento | first4 = M. | last5 = De Falco | first5 = M. | last6 = Baldi | first6 = A. | title = Ectopic endometrium in human foetuses is a common event and sustains the theory of müllerianosis in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, a disease that predisposes to cancer. | journal = J Exp Clin Cancer Res | volume = 28 | issue =  | pages = 49 | month =  | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1186/1756-9966-28-49 | PMID = 19358700 }}</ref>
*Coelomic metaplasia.
*Hematogenous spread or lymphatic spread.
 
===Clinical===
*A significant cause of infertility.
*A cause of pelvic pain.
*A cause of pelvic pain.
*Affects approximately 10% of women of child bearing age.
*Affects approximately 10% of women of child bearing age.
*Associated with moderate elevation of (serum) CA-125.
*Associated with moderate elevation of (serum) CA-125.
Rare stuff:
*There case reports of endometriosis in men on estrogen therapy for prostate cancer.<ref name=pmid22104297>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Fukunaga | first1 = M. | title = Paratesticular endometriosis in a man with a prolonged hormonal therapy for prostatic carcinoma. | journal = Pathol Res Pract | volume = 208 | issue = 1 | pages = 59-61 | month = Jan | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1016/j.prp.2011.10.007 | PMID = 22104297 }}</ref><ref name=pmid2418693>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Beckman | first1 = EN. | last2 = Pintado | first2 = SO. | last3 = Leonard | first3 = GL. | last4 = Sternberg | first4 = WH. | title = Endometriosis of the prostate. | journal = Am J Surg Pathol | volume = 9 | issue = 5 | pages = 374-9 | month = May | year = 1985 | doi =  | PMID = 2418693 }}</ref>


===Tumours associated with endometriosis===
===Tumours associated with endometriosis===
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*Decreased: [[cervical cancer]].
*Decreased: [[cervical cancer]].


===Pathophysiology===
Rare stuff:
There are several theories for endometriosis, i.e. how it is that endometrial tissue gets found outside of the uterus:
*There case reports of endometriosis in men on estrogen therapy for prostate cancer.<ref name=pmid22104297>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Fukunaga | first1 = M. | title = Paratesticular endometriosis in a man with a prolonged hormonal therapy for prostatic carcinoma. | journal = Pathol Res Pract | volume = 208 | issue = 1 | pages = 59-61 | month = Jan | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1016/j.prp.2011.10.007 | PMID = 22104297 }}</ref><ref name=pmid2418693>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Beckman | first1 = EN. | last2 = Pintado | first2 = SO. | last3 = Leonard | first3 = GL. | last4 = Sternberg | first4 = WH. | title = Endometriosis of the prostate. | journal = Am J Surg Pathol | volume = 9 | issue = 5 | pages = 374-9 | month = May | year = 1985 | doi = | PMID = 2418693 }}</ref>
*Retrograde menstruation - probably the most common.<ref name=pmid3945444/>
*Ectopic endometrial tissue.<ref name=pmid19358700>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Signorile | first1 = PG. | last2 = Baldi | first2 = F. | last3 = Bussani | first3 = R. | last4 = D'Armiento | first4 = M. | last5 = De Falco | first5 = M. | last6 = Baldi | first6 = A. | title = Ectopic endometrium in human foetuses is a common event and sustains the theory of müllerianosis in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, a disease that predisposes to cancer. | journal = J Exp Clin Cancer Res | volume = 28 | issue = | pages = 49 | month = | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1186/1756-9966-28-49 | PMID = 19358700 }}</ref>
*Coelomic metaplasia.
*Hematogenous spread or lymphatic spread.


==Gross==
==Gross==
Retrieved from "https://librepathology.org/wiki/Endometriosis"