Difference between revisions of "Esophagus"

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===Microscopic===

Features:

*Nuclear changes.

#Nuclear changes.

**Nuclear hyperchromatism.

#*Nuclear hyperchromatism.

**Nuclear crowding.

#*Nuclear crowding.

**Cigar-shaped (ellipical) nuclei.

#*Cigar-shaped (ellipical) nuclei.

*Nuclear changes present at surface (not only in gland crypts).<ref>GAG. January 2009.</ref>

#Nuclear changes present at surface (not only in gland crypts).<ref>GAG. January 2009.</ref>

**If changes are present at the base but ''not'' at the luminal surface -- it "matures" and is ''not'' dysplasic.

#*If changes are present at the base but ''not'' at the luminal surface -- it "matures" and is ''not'' dysplasic.

#Lack of desmoplasia.<ref name=Ref_GI54>{{Ref GI|54}}</ref>

#*Stromal fibrotic reaction to tumour.

Notes:

*Changes similar to those see in colorectal tubular adenomas.

*Presence of goblet cells is mildly reassuring its not dysplasia.<ref>GAG. January 2009.</ref>

*Desmoplasia present = invasive adenocarcinoma.<ref name=Ref_GI54>{{Ref GI|54}}</ref>

Image:

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@@ Line 287: / Line 287: @@
 ===Microscopic===
 Features:
-*Nuclear changes.
+#Nuclear changes.
-**Nuclear hyperchromatism.
+#*Nuclear hyperchromatism.
-**Nuclear crowding.
+#*Nuclear crowding.
-**Cigar-shaped (ellipical) nuclei.
+#*Cigar-shaped (ellipical) nuclei.
-*Nuclear changes present at surface (not only in gland crypts).<ref>GAG. January 2009.</ref>
+#Nuclear changes present at surface (not only in gland crypts).<ref>GAG. January 2009.</ref>
-**If changes are present at the base but ''not'' at the luminal surface -- it "matures" and is ''not'' dysplasic.
+#*If changes are present at the base but ''not'' at the luminal surface -- it "matures" and is ''not'' dysplasic.
+#Lack of desmoplasia.<ref name=Ref_GI54>{{Ref GI|54}}</ref>
+#*Stromal fibrotic reaction to tumour.
 Notes:
 *Changes similar to those see in colorectal tubular adenomas.
 *Presence of goblet cells is mildly reassuring its not dysplasia.<ref>GAG. January 2009.</ref>
+*Desmoplasia present = invasive adenocarcinoma.<ref name=Ref_GI54>{{Ref GI|54}}</ref>
 Image: