Difference between revisions of "CSF cytopathology"

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1,344 bytes added ,  06:44, 7 May 2015
meningeosis neoplastica restructured
(+hemorrhage)
(meningeosis neoplastica restructured)
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*[http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/174/12/1710-a Mollaret cells (cmaj.ca)].
*[http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/174/12/1710-a Mollaret cells (cmaj.ca)].


==CNS lymphoma==
==Meningeosis neoplastica==
===CNS lymphoma===
Histology:<ref name=Ref_APBR681>{{Ref APBR|681 (Q25)}}</ref>
Histology:<ref name=Ref_APBR681>{{Ref APBR|681 (Q25)}}</ref>
*Too many cells - ''key feature''.
*Too many cells - ''key feature''.
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Notes:
Notes:
*Massive karyorrhexis (nuclear fragmentation) is suggestive of lymphoma<ref name=Ref_APBR681>{{Ref APBR|681 (Q25)}}</ref> - not common.
*Massive karyorrhexis (nuclear fragmentation) is suggestive of lymphoma<ref name=Ref_APBR681>{{Ref APBR|681 (Q25)}}</ref> - not common.
<gallery>
File:NHL b-cell meningiosis.jpg | CSF cytology of a diffuse large B-cell non hodgkin lymphoma. Atypical cells are larger and have a basophilic cytoplasm (WC/jensflorian).
File:CSF Lymphoma on CSF cytospin cluster of blastoid cells 3.jpg | Blastoid cells in a CNS lympoma (WC/Prof. Erhabor Osaro)
</gallery>
===Meningeosis carcinomatosa===
Histology:
*abnormal cell size / giant multinuclear cells.
*unusual nuclear/cytoplasm ratio.
*hyperchromatic nuclei.
*prominent nucleoli.
*atypical mitoses.
*cell clustering.
Notes:
*cell count can be normal.
*accompanied by granulocytes and monocytes.
<gallery>
File:Meningeosis carcinomatosa.jpg | Lung adenocarcinoma cells in CSF (WC/Marvin101).
File:Leptomeningeal metastasis.jpg | Atypical mitosis in epithelial cells in CSF (WC/jensflorian).
</gallery>
===Non-lymphoid, non-epithelial neoplasm===
*Non-lymphoid, non-epithelial neoplasms are rarely found in the CSF.
*[[Ependymoma]]s and [[medulloblastoma]]s have a higher rate of dissemination than other primary brain tumors.
Meningeosis gliomatosa ([[Astrocytoma]]/[[Glioblastoma]]):
*May vaguely resemble a neuroendocrine tumour:
**Small cell clusters.
**Nuclear moulding.
**Cells somewhat larger than small cell carcinoma.
**Scant cytoplasm.
<gallery>
File:Bild 01Meningeosis gliomatosa 20x GFAP.jpg | GFAP IHC in a CSF specimen highlighting glioma cells (WC/Marvin101).
</gallery>


==CNS fungal infections==
==CNS fungal infections==
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*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cryptococcosis_of_lung_in_patient_with_AIDS._Mucicarmine_stain_962_lores.jpg Crytococcosis - mucicarmine stain (WC)].
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cryptococcosis_of_lung_in_patient_with_AIDS._Mucicarmine_stain_962_lores.jpg Crytococcosis - mucicarmine stain (WC)].
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cryptococcosis_of_lung_in_patient_with_AIDS_Methenamine_silver_stain_963_lores.jpg Crytococcosis - methenamine silver stain (WC)].
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cryptococcosis_of_lung_in_patient_with_AIDS_Methenamine_silver_stain_963_lores.jpg Crytococcosis - methenamine silver stain (WC)].
 
<gallery>
==Non-lymphoid neoplasm==
File:Cryptococcus_neoformans_using_a_light_India_ink_staining_preparation_PHIL_3771_lores.jpg | Ink preparation of Cryptococcosis (CDC/Dr. Leanor Haley)
*Non-lymphoid neoplasms are rarely found in the CSF.
</gallery>
 
[[Astrocytoma]]:
*May vaguely resemble a neuroendocrine tumour:
**Small cell clusters.
**Nuclear moulding.
**Cells somewhat larger than small cell carcinoma.
**Scant cytoplasm.


==See also==
==See also==
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