Difference between revisions of "Hemolytic uremic syndrome"
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'''Hemolytic uremic syndrome''', abbreviated '''HUS''', is the triad of:<ref>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/779218-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/779218-overview]. Accessed on: 8 September 2010.</ref> | '''Hemolytic uremic syndrome''', abbreviated '''HUS''', is the triad of:<ref>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/779218-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/779218-overview]. Accessed on: 8 September 2010.</ref> | ||
==Definition== | |||
*Microangiopathic hemolytic [[anemia]]. | *Microangiopathic hemolytic [[anemia]]. | ||
**Microangiopathic = disease affecting small blood vessels.<ref>URL: [http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/one/000005089.htm http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/one/000005089.htm]. Accessed on: 9 September 2010.</ref> | **Microangiopathic = disease affecting small blood vessels.<ref>URL: [http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/one/000005089.htm http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/one/000005089.htm]. Accessed on: 9 September 2010.</ref> | ||
*Thrombocytopenia = low platelet count. | *Thrombocytopenia = low platelet count. | ||
*Acute renal failure. | *Acute renal failure. | ||
===Memory device=== | |||
''[[HUS]] is the '''RAT''' in [[TTP]]'': | |||
*'''R'''enal failure. | |||
*'''A'''nemia. | |||
*'''T'''hrombocytopenia. | |||
'''RAT''' is a subset of the C'''RA'''F'''T'''Y mnemonic for TTP:<ref>URL: [http://www.valuemd.com/mnemonics2.php http://www.valuemd.com/mnemonics2.php]. Accessed on: 8 November 2010.</ref> | |||
*'''C'''NS symptoms. | |||
*'''R'''enal failure. | |||
*'''A'''nemia - microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. | |||
*'''F'''ever. | |||
*'''T'''hrombocytopenia. | |||
*'''Y''' - no one knows "Y" it occurs. | |||
==Etiology== | ==Etiology== | ||
Revision as of 04:54, 28 February 2012
Hemolytic uremic syndrome, abbreviated HUS, is the triad of:[1]
Definition
- Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.
- Microangiopathic = disease affecting small blood vessels.[2]
- Thrombocytopenia = low platelet count.
- Acute renal failure.
Memory device
- Renal failure.
- Anemia.
- Thrombocytopenia.
RAT is a subset of the CRAFTY mnemonic for TTP:[3]
- CNS symptoms.
- Renal failure.
- Anemia - microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.
- Fever.
- Thrombocytopenia.
- Y - no one knows "Y" it occurs.
Etiology
- Rare (uncooked) hamburger.
- E. coli serotype O157:H7.
- Verotoxins from E. coli O157:H7 --> endothelial injury.[4]
Pathology
General
- In children, partial omentectomies are done during the placement of peritoneal catheters, to avoid subsequent (catheter) blockage.[5]
Microscopic
Features:
- Mesothelial-lined fibroadipose tissue.
Relation to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
- TTP is the main (clinical) DDx of HUS.
- It is classically characterized by: microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, fever, mild renal failure, and prominent neurologic symptoms.
- Both are classified as thrombotic microangiopathies.[6]
See also
References
- ↑ URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/779218-overview. Accessed on: 8 September 2010.
- ↑ URL: http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/one/000005089.htm. Accessed on: 9 September 2010.
- ↑ URL: http://www.valuemd.com/mnemonics2.php. Accessed on: 8 November 2010.
- ↑ Petruzziello TN, Mawji IA, Khan M, Marsden PA (February 2009). "Verotoxin biology: molecular events in vascular endothelial injury". Kidney Int. Suppl. (112): S17–9. doi:10.1038/ki.2008.612. PMID 19180125.
- ↑ Pumford N, Cassey J, Uttley WS (1994). "Omentectomy with peritoneal catheter placement in acute renal failure". Nephron 68 (3): 327–8. PMID 7838254.
- ↑ URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/779218-overview. Accessed on: 8 September 2010.