Difference between revisions of "Eye"

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===General===
===General===
*Raizada ''et al.''<ref name=pmid1031388>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Raizada | first1 = IN. | last2 = Bhatnagar | first2 = NK. | title = Pinguecula and pterygium (a histopathological study). | journal = Indian J Ophthalmol | volume = 24 | issue = 2 | pages = 16-8 | month = Jul | year = 1976 | doi =  | PMID = 1031388 | URL = http://www.ijo.in/text.asp?2007/55/1/83/29517 }}</ref> suggest it is an early pterygium; however, this is disputed.
*Raizada ''et al.''<ref name=pmid1031388>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Raizada | first1 = IN. | last2 = Bhatnagar | first2 = NK. | title = Pinguecula and pterygium (a histopathological study). | journal = Indian J Ophthalmol | volume = 24 | issue = 2 | pages = 16-8 | month = Jul | year = 1976 | doi =  | PMID = 1031388 | URL = http://www.ijo.in/text.asp?2007/55/1/83/29517 }}</ref> suggest it is an early pterygium; however, this is disputed.
*Etiology: ultraviolet light exposure.<ref name=pmid2695353>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Hill | first1 = JC. | last2 = Maske | first2 = R. | title = Pathogenesis of pterygium. | journal = Eye (Lond) | volume = 3 ( Pt 2) | issue =  | pages = 218-26 | month =  | year = 1989 | doi = 10.1038/eye.1989.31 | PMID = 2695353 | URL = http://www.nature.com/eye/journal/v3/n2/abs/eye198931a.html }}</ref>


===Gross===
===Gross===

Revision as of 02:46, 26 October 2011

The eye is rarely seen by pathologists. They go to neuropathologists.

An introduction to neuropathology is in the neuropathology article.

Histology

  • The muscles that move the eye have a high nerve:muscle ratio = ~1:4.[1]
    • Other muscles in the body ~1:250.

Conjunctiva:[2]

  • Stratified squamous.
    • May be stratified columnar
  • Goblet cells.

Pinguecula

General

  • Raizada et al.[3] suggest it is an early pterygium; however, this is disputed.
  • Etiology: ultraviolet light exposure.[4]

Gross

  • Yellow spot.

Microscopic

Features:

  • ???

Pterygium

  • AKA surfer eye.

General

  • Pronounced: "tuh-rij-ee-uhm".[5]
  • Conjunctiva lesion that covers part of the sclera.
    • Sclera = white part of the eye.[6]
  • Benign.
  • Assoc. with sun exposure.

Image:

Microscopic

Features:

  • Dilated vessels.
  • Solar elastosis.
    • Dense gray/light brown acellular material.

DDx:

  • Squamous dysplasia.

Images:

Eccrine hidrocystoma

General

  • Benign.
  • Eyelid lesion.

Clinical DDx:[7]

Microsopic

Features:

Retinoblastoma

General

  • Rare.
  • Malignant.
  • May be familial.[8]

Microscopic

Features:

Image:

Notes:

  • DDx of Flexner-Wintersteiner rosette includes: pineoblastomas, medulloepitheliomas.

Retinal hemorrhage

See Traumatic brain injury in infants.

Image:

See also

References

  1. Bilbao. 24 November 2010.
  2. URL: http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/corepages/eye/eye.htm. Accessed on: 20 October 2011.
  3. Raizada, IN.; Bhatnagar, NK. (Jul 1976). "Pinguecula and pterygium (a histopathological study).". Indian J Ophthalmol 24 (2): 16-8. PMID 1031388.
  4. Hill, JC.; Maske, R. (1989). "Pathogenesis of pterygium.". Eye (Lond) 3 ( Pt 2): 218-26. doi:10.1038/eye.1989.31. PMID 2695353.
  5. URL: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pterygium. Accessed on: 20 October 2011
  6. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002006/. Accessed on: 20 October 2011.
  7. 7.0 7.1 Adams, SP. (Feb 1999). "Dermacase. Eccrine hydrocystoma.". Can Fam Physician 45: 297, 306. PMC 2328272. PMID 10065300. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2328272/.
  8. Lohmann D (2010). "Retinoblastoma". Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 685: 220–7. PMID 20687510.
  9. 9.0 9.1 Wippold FJ, Perry A (March 2006). "Neuropathology for the neuroradiologist: rosettes and pseudorosettes". AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 27 (3): 488–92. PMID 16551982.
  10. WH. 14 March 2011.
  11. URL: http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/EXAM/IMGQUIZ/fofrm.html. Accessed on: 6 December 2010.