Difference between revisions of "Radical cystectomy grossing"
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In men, the [[urinary bladder]] is usually removed along with the [[prostate gland]] (see [[cystoprostatectomy]]). | In men, the [[urinary bladder]] is usually removed along with the [[prostate gland]] (see [[cystoprostatectomy]]). | ||
The | The [[ureter]]s in these cases are often are assessed [[frozen section|intraoperatively]]. The occurrence of [[urothelial carcinoma in situ|CIS]] is strongly associated with CIS in the [[urinary bladder]].<ref name=pmid25374918>{{Cite journal | last1 = Zhou | first1 = H. | last2 = Ro | first2 = JY. | last3 = Truong | first3 = LD. | last4 = Ayala | first4 = AG. | last5 = Shen | first5 = SS. | title = Intraoperative frozen section evaluation of ureteral and urethral margins: studies of 203 consecutive radical cystoprostatectomy for men with bladder urothelial carcinoma. | journal = Am J Clin Exp Urol | volume = 2 | issue = 2 | pages = 156-60 | month = | year = 2014 | doi = | PMID = 25374918 }}</ref> | ||
==Protocol== | ==Protocol== | ||
Revision as of 06:12, 18 December 2014
This article deals with radical cystectomy grossing, also radical cystectomy cut-up.
A cystectomy is removal of the urinary bladder; however, it may refer to the removal of a cyst, e.g. ovarian cystectomy.
Introduction
It is done for bladder cancer (urothelial carcinoma).
In men, the urinary bladder is usually removed along with the prostate gland (see cystoprostatectomy).
The ureters in these cases are often are assessed intraoperatively. The occurrence of CIS is strongly associated with CIS in the urinary bladder.[1]
Protocol
Specimen:
- Type: cystectomy [with vagina / uterus / uterine tubes / ovaries].
- Specimen weight: ___ grams.
- Specimen dimensions (superior-inferior, left-right, anterior-posterior): ___ x ___ x ___ cm.
Tumour:
- Size of tumour (superior-inferior, left-right, anterior-posterior): ___ x ___ x ___ cm.
- Location of tumour: [dome, left, right, anterior, posterior, trigone].
- Nearest margin: [soft tissue margin / urethral / ureteric ].
- Distance to nearest margin: ___.
- Configuration: [ulcerated / exophytic].
- Appearance: [tan/brown / white], [firm / friable].
- Extension into perivescicular adipose tissue: [not identified, present].
Representative sections:
- Urethral resection margin on edge.
- Ureteral surgical (or specimen) margins (left and right).
- Bladder tumour - 1 section/cm.
- Section with deepest invasion.
- One section if fat invasion obvious, three sections if it is suspicious.
- Suspicious granular areas.
- Left bladder wall at site of ureteric oriface.
- Right bladder wall at site of ureteric oriface.
- Anterior bladder wall.
- Posterior bladder wall.
- Dome of bladder.
- Trigone of bladder.
Sections of additional structures (if applicable):
- Ovaries.
- Uterine tubes - esp. fibriated ends.
- Vagina - esp. in relation to tumour.
- Uterus:
- Cervix.
- Corpus - anterior & posterior walls.